Mahatma Jyotirao Phule

                                07-03-2015

(Tribute on the eve of his 188^th birthday falling on 11^th APRIL 2015)             

                 

  Ever since the Aryan invaded Indian soil  and Hindu religion got divided into castes rigidities and Hindu society got divided into low and upper castes This regularly  increased the miseries of the low caste people termed as untouchables or Dalits, Shudras, Ati Shudras. All doors of progress, social, economical, educational, property rights including cultural were closed for the Dalits. They were denied the normal human dignities by their own brothers and sisters, who always looked towards them for all comforts of life but denied the same to them. The Hindus offered milk to snakes; rice with sugar to ants; worshipped tress like Tulsi, Pipal, and animals like cows but got polluted by the shadow of a Dalit, who are non-else but the creation of the same God for whose realization Hindus observe extreme austere like living in lonely forests, undertake long journeys to 68 places of pilgrimage, observe fasts etc. All this was done under Hindu Laws which was claimed by Hindu priest having divine sanctions. How could the acts of man could be divine. But if any body challenged these inhuman acts of a few he was given severe punishments. But the Universal Creator descended from time to time some men of vision, convictions and strength to show the masses the just path of love for all and hate to none. Lord Budha, Lord Mahaveera, Mohammad Sahib, Jesus Christ, Kabir, Guru Nanak ,Guru Ravidas and many more who  rose above pretty  caste prejudices. Some . After  2390 years of Mahatama Budha’s birth another friend to deprived section of Indians was born. He was Mahatama Phule. Mahatma Phule, a contemporary of KARL MARX(1818-1883), of the Indian social revolution and the first leader of peasants. In his time there was a conflict between the rationalist and the orthodox. His period can, therefore, be a aptly described as the dawn of revolution in the history not only of Maharashtra but of the country as a whole in the various fields like Education, Caste Systems, Agriculture, Economics, Women and widow upliftment , Human Rights, Untouchbility ,Social Equality.

           He was Mahatama Jyotirao Gobindrao Phule was born  on 11^th April,1827 to revered couple Gobindrao and Chimnabai in village Khanbari of Poona. He earned the title of Mahatma and title of Bukar T.Washington (American President and a great leader against acts of slavery & apartheid).Since Gobindarao and his two brothers served as florists under the Pashwas, so they were called Phules. Chimnabai died when Jyotiba was 9 months old.  So the childhood of Jyotirao was not very pleasant. He was brought up in the care of Sagunabai ( Daughter of Gondabai maternal aunt  of Jyotiba’s). Gobindrao wanted his son to get a higher education so as to spread the Gyan Jyoti for the humanity at large and Dalits in particular. But all relatives of Gobindrao were against the education of Jyotiba pleading that his son would get spoiled by studying English and could lend no help to him in his job as florist.  So  Jyotiba was taken out of school after he passed his primary school at the age of 9 years. Despite this Jyotiba continued working in fields during day and reading at night by lighting kerosene lamp. Good hearted Goffar Beig Munshi ( A Muslim )and Latiz Sahib(A Christian) had good influence on Gobindarao so they insisted Gobindrao to get his son readmitted in school to complete his education .On their persuasion Gobindrao  got

 re- admitted his son in Scottish Mission High School at Poona in  January, 1841. It was in this school that he met Sadashiv Ballal Govande, a Brahmin, who remained a close friend throughout his life. Both Jotirao and Govande were greatly influenced by Thomas Paine's ideas and they read with great interest Paine's famous book ' The Rights of Man'.  Jyotirao completed his secondary education in 1847 and decided not to accept any government job but work for the upliftment of downtrodden and deprived section of society and to spread education among them.

 Jyotiba got spine shivering experience of caste hate, when he was invited by his Brahmin friend to join Barat( Marriage party procession) of his brother. But in the Barat Jyotiba although wearing good dress was noticed by the other Brahmin Baratis.  Jyotiba was abused,insulted and finally turned out of the party for his low caste. Jyotiba  discussed this with his father who advised his son to avoid such invitations in future as the high caste Hindus shall not compromise on their superiority complex.

This incident changed the life concept  of  Jyotiba,who made up his mind to defy the caste system and decided to serve the shudras and women who were deprived of all of their human rights under the caste system. When Jyotiba met at Ahmadnagar Miss  Farar,a teacher  in Girls Missionary School. Miss Farar explained Jyotiba and his friend Sahashiv Govande the importance of women education. Jyotiba was impressed greatly by advice of the Missionary teacher. He decided to work for women upliftment.

Jyotiba was married in 1840 to Savitribai.Savitribai Phule worked as the true disciple and co-missionary of her husband. They changed the history by opening a school on 1-1-1848 for girls in Poona where Savitirbai was admitted as first Student along with four Brahmin girls, one Maratha girl and sixth a shepherd family girl. Jyotirao Phule continued this school despite opposition form orthodox Hindus, who considered this act against their religion, as Hindu scriptures considered educating girls & Dalits as a great sin. Savitirbai received more education at home from his husband, and was appointed as Headmistress of one of his schools by Jyotiba. Even parents of Jyotiba did not co-operated & they turned him along with Savitribai out of their parental house. It was said by committing sin of educating women and Dalits forty generations of sinner shall be put into  Narak (hell) fire. when the couple did not agree to desist from their chosen path. They opened 18 such schools including some having co-education.

          Feeling pity on the condition of orphans Jyotiba Phule opened   orphanage, perhaps first such

 Institution by a Hindu. Jyotiba Phule gave protection to widows & assured them that orphanage shall take care of their children.  It was in this orphanage that a Brahmin widow gave birth to a male child in1873 and Jyotirao Phule adopted him as his son naming him Jaswant Phule & educated him to become a qualified doctor. To earn his livelihood & to run his schools & other institutions he worked as contractor in PWD. Some of the structures including  a bridge are still standing in Pune and in its surrounding.  He termed PWD department as hotbed of corruption.

                      He published his controversial book “Slavery,” in 1873, in which he declared his manifesto that he was willing to dine with all irrespective of their caste, creed, or country of origin.The opening words of Slavery  are” Since the advent of rule of Brahmins for centuries( In India), the Shudras and Ati Shudras are suffering hardships and are leading miserable lives.------ Shudras  should think over their misfortune and they should eventually set themselves free from this tyranny of Bhats( Brahmins)”. Jotirao dedicated this book 'to the good people of the Unites States as a token of admiration for their sublime, disinterested and self-sacrificing devotion in the cause of Negro Slavery'. The book is written in the form of a dialogue.

 Jyotirao Phule  formed “ Satya Shodhak Samaj(Society of Seekers of Truth)  on 24 ^th September 1873 with Jotirao as its first president and treasurer. In 1876 this Samaj had 316 members. The main objectives of this organization were to liberate the Shudras, Ati Shudras & to prevent their exploitation by the Upper caste Hindus. He refused to regard Vedas as sacrosanct & denounced Chaturverna & instead published his book “Satya Dharma Pustak in 1891.  According to him all men & women were equal & entitled to enjoy equal rights & it was a sin to discriminate between human beings on the basis of sex or caste & creed Wodow remarriages werw banned and child marriage was very common amongthe Hindus Society Jyotirao opposed both & worked to benefit them and  got re married one Shayani caste widow on 8^th march 1890 against  strong protests. From the beginning of the year 1879 Krishnarao Bhalekar, one of his colleagues, edited a weekly called Deenbandhu which was the organ of the Satya Shodhak Samaj. The weekly articulated the grievances of the peasants sand workers. Deenbandhu defended Jotirao when Vishnushastri Chiplunkar, a powerful spokesman of the conservative nationalists, attacked Jotirao's writing in the most vitriolic style. Friends to core Lokhandeand  Jyotirao addressed the meetings of the textile workers in Bombay. It is significant that before Jyotirao and his colleagues Bhalekar and Lokhande tried to organise the peasants and the workers, no such attempt was made by any organization to redress their grievances.

Mahatama Phule opposed the evil customs so on the death of his father he did not call his caste people for meal instead he distributed meals in beggars, distributed pencils, writing wooden planks ( Patties )  & books to children which became annual function to remember his father.  He opposed the tyranny of landlords & money lenders , so he organized a protest Dharna in Poona District where  farmers joined in large number & burnt the records of the money lenders. He got a marriage ceremonised on 25 th December 1873 without the participation ob any Prohit. In the marriage feast the was only Pan & Supary nothing else. He edited  a weekly news paper “ DEEN BANDU ,” from 1^st January 1877. Jyotirao Phule helper getting released in1881 from jail Lok Manaiya Ganga Dhar Tilk &Goda Adkar who were sentenced for writing in their papers “ The Kesri & the  Maratha ,”  against the policies of the British Govt.

               For the life long service to the Dalits & other deprived section of the society Jyotirao Phule was awarded the Title Of MAHATAMA.  On 19 ^th May 1888. The function was attended by dignitaries like Justice Ranade, Dr. Bhandarkar , Tukaram Tatiya , Lokhande, Dholey & Bharkar besides . Jyotirao Phule was addressed by  Saya Ji Rao Gaikwardas Bukar T Washington in his letter to the president of the function.

               Jyotirao Phule’s  his right hand got  incapacitated in an illness, so he stated writing with his left hand & wrote a book titled as “ SARIVJANIK SATYA DHARAM , “ After ceaselessly working for over 63 years Jyotirao Phule passed away on 28 th November 1890 about 138 days before the birth  of Dr. BR Ambedkar another luminary, Father of free India’s Constitution , & worked lifelong for the emancipation of Dalits , depressed, week  & women Jyotirao Phule shall be remembered for the centuries to come for the  good work he did for the Dalits & Depressed peoples of society including women.

Words 1800

Many Firsts to the Credit of Bharat Ratana Baba Sahib Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.

 

It is  said that some are born great others are made great and still others become great by surmounting hurdles to tred their paths.   Bharat Ratana Baba Sahib Bhimrao Ambedkar belonged to the last category. There was not even a singly favourable hurdle free step in his life. There was not even a single act of his life which he earned through favour or courtesy of others. All throughout his life he had to row against the currents. He was born in rags and died with rupees Forty thousand debt, bore loincloth in school , sat alone on the  corner of  classroom floor, remained  thirsty for hours  for a drop  of  water, hated as untouchable by  his students, teachers, classmates, follow politicians including his office Brahmin peon. He slept on floor; lived night through on single loaf of bread, still was first to reach the entry gate of London Museum and last to leave it. He was termed as poor man’s lawyer,  he was called traitor by his opponents for his caring to those to  whom even God never cared, he over worked at the cost of his life and comforts of his family. He lost his poise and caring wife and four children ( Three sons  Romesh,Gangadhar,Rajratana and one daughter named Indu) for want of money to buy medicines. On the death of his loving son his wife had to tear out a part of her sari to cover the dead child before giving burial. But   he never deviated from the cause of his people whom he loved even dearly to his life and those who stood by his in thick and thin. He often said he was born to safe guard interests of untouchable and he was prepared to offer any sacrifice. He remained awake even during nights to see that their interests were not sabotaged. He never acted against the interests of his country. He said in clear terms in Bombay Legislative Council as its member in 1927 “Whenever there is a conflict between my personnel interests and the interests of country as a whole, I have always placed the claims of the country above my personnel claims --- when there is a conflict in interests between country and the Untouchables, the untouchable’s interests will take precedence over the interests of the country”.  In another statement he said that he was Indian in the beginning, in the middle and in the end.  He said he was not like those who are the Hindu, the Muslim, the Sikh, the Christian and alike first then Indian. Against all odds he did what he thought fit for his peoples. He struck to words and fulfilled promises with his people. When Dr. Ambedkar was convinced that Hindus shall never accommodate the human rights of Depressed classes people except using them for their numbers and unpaid services then he declared in 1935 that he shall not die as a Hindu and he full filled this promise in 1956 only 52 days before his death. He was opponent to religious superstitions and rigidity. He was against none but suppression, hate and denial of political, social, educational and economic rights of Dalits. He was Mahar Dalit but adopted his surname “Ambedkar” from his soft hearted Brahmin teacher and  he re- married Dr. Sharda Kabir a Maharashtrian Brahmin Saraswati  bride. Had he not born at the right hour of history, the present history of poor, women, unprivileged, hated Dalit untouchables and working class people would have been completely different with their slavery chains intact and  the Constitutional rights for untouchables millions would have been buried deep in the free Indian soil. Whatever he did during his life he did with conviction, whatever he spoke it was historic truth backed by deep studied. He remained loyal to his people and his country, the Bharat.  He never said a word against any religion, but challenged religion based in human norms, “ isms”  in them of hate to wards humanity more so their own religious fellows, who did not toe their wrong convictions. He was Masiha or saviour of poor, deprived, hated and neglected humanity. He was the only highest qualified academician, who entered the Indian politics. Politicians of his times proved dwarfs to his qualifications, qualities, character, labour and steadfastness to commitments.   Despite all odds Bharat Ratana Baba Sahib Bhimrao Ambedkar was credited with such unique qualities that whatever field he touched, he left on it indelible marks of his scholarly intellect. He was born on 14^th April,1891 in a poor Dalit Mahar family carrying history of military service. Bhimrao Ambedkar’s grandfather Maloji Sakhpal was a Havaldar in the British Army and his father Ramji Sakhpal was Subedar Major in Bombay Army of the East India Company. Dr. Ambedkar too joined service as the Military Secretary to the   Maharaja of Baroda, who had granted scholarship to Bhim for his higher studies abroad. Later Dr. Ambedkar was to be appointed as Finance Minister of the Baroda state but the unbearable caste based hate and prejudices forced him to soon resign. He never compromised with his self honour and honour of his people. He preached to his fellowmen to live with dignity keeping spine erect.

 Dr .Ambedkar was the first in his community to pass Matriculation Examination in 1907 .He was first Dalit to get education in foreign lands in one of most prestigious world Universities like Columbia University USA, Londom School Of Economics U.K, Bonn University in Germany,  Bar at the Gray’s Inn. He was rare of rarest Indian who obtained M.A; PhD ; DSc.; Barrister –at- Law; LL.D; D.Litt and many more Honorary Degrees from many Universities. It is also a hard fact that despite being a world class supper human, he was not given any befitting honour by his Alma Mater the University Of Bombay.  He was a reputed scholar in Economics, Political Sciences, Law, Constitutional Law, Anthropology, and Religion Philosophy.  He was a great teacher also, backed by his deep studies of the subjects he taught.  Perhaps he was  first among Dalits  to be appointed professor ( June 1928 to March 1929) and  to  occupy the chair of the  Principal of the Government Law College Bombay( Now Mumbai) June 1,1935 to May 1938.

 Dr. Ambedkar observed that the journalism which was a earlier a profession had turned into a business exploitation in the hands of capitalists. Dr Ambedkar sensed the need of a news paper of his own and said a leader without a news paper was like a bird without wings. He was perhaps the first Dalit to enter the  world of journalism  when launched on   the Mook Nayak ( Leader of dumb)  on January 31^st,1920 ,on 3^rd April,1927 the Bahiskrit Bharat( Excluded India), the Samta

( Equality) the  Janta ( People) on 24^th November,1930,The Prubh Bharat( Awakened Bharat ).  His writings in  these news papers spread his message very quickly among the Depressed masses.  He stated his news papers much earlier than Mahatama Ganfdhi’s the Harijan, started in Feburary 1933.

Baba Sahib Dr. Ambedkar was first Dalit to be awarded Bharat Ratana in 1990 posthumously after a lapse of 34 years after his death. This shows apathy of the ruling parties towards their National celebrities.

 Hardly anybody could imagine that a Mahar Subedar Major’s 14^th child Bhiva  ( Bhimrao’s first name) could one day divert the world attention towards the deplorable  condition of Indian Untouchable millions, seeking constitutional rights for them  in  Round Table conferences called by the mighty British Crown’s Government  in their heartland . Dr. Ambedkar was one of the two Untouchables who were first to be nominated to represent the slaves to the British Indian Slaves. Dr. Ambedkar’s  courage , convections  backed by  world’s highest degrees  forced the  British Crown’s Government along with Indian monarchs, politicians  to listen the woes  of half feed, half naked, illiterates socially lowest of the low through their own representative who had studied world history in foreign lands. He also warned the British to leave India soon as they have failed to make any improvement in the, social, religious, political, political, educations and economic conditions of poor particularly untouchable millions during their rule.   In the three Round Table conference in London Dr. Ambedkar’s narrations were so logical and force full that  all eye brows were raised to listen the plight of those who had never been represented before, in history in any such official forum.  About his narrations news items  were  carried by news papers world over with editorials written in praise of the  new found leaders of Indian untouchables.  Not only Dr. Ambedkar’s views were highly acclaimed in all world spheres but they brought dividends for Untouchable in the future governments Of India.  The problems of untouchable were brought on world forum for finding their solutions speedily. This way the British were made to realise their folly.

 The British were made to find space for Indian untouchable in the future government. To give political representation to untouchables Simon Commission was established. Dr. Ambedkar’s plea before Simon Commission with other organisations and leaders  of Depressed classes was so forceful that the British India government announced  Communal Award   outlining the method  of reserving seats in representative bodies with a right  of  duel  votes to untouchables to use in the future election. This established the existence of untouchables as a definite and separate identity and equal stake holders in the  future constitution.

On this Mahatama Gandhi backed by Hindu reactionary forces under took fast unto death in Yarwada Jail Poona ( Now Pune). Mahatama Gandhi was against granting any political rights to untouchables,saying theirs was a social problems to be solved with the frame work of Hindu  Verna system. The Poona pact was signed by Dr. Ambedkar under duress to save Gandhi’s life but standing on equal pedestal with those who had denied  evening touch shadow of untouchable but to talk of  human rights to them for centuries. Reservation in the provincial and central legislatures, appointments in public services and local bodies with removal of disabilities of the depressed classes were the direct result of the  Poona Pact. Denial of  double election and duel voting as per Communal Award or separate electorates, gave  a chance to upper caste political body heads to select dummy candidates from scheduled castes and scheduled Tribes  to contest the reserved seats and be a party to denial of Constitutional Rights to the Dalit communities.

  Dr. Ambedkar himself a great  lover of books and himself a writer with millions of readership was the first to burn the Hindu Code book “ Manusmiriti” as Manu, its writer claimed it  contain laws  with Divine sanction. To Dr. Ambedkar it was devised to give sanctions of inhuman suppression of untouchables and women. He was also first in the history of caste struggle to sip water of Choudar Tank (  Water Tank) by organising Satyagraha. Taking water from Choudar Tank was banned from centuries for the untouchable Hindus. He was hurt gravely in the melee but did not lose heart to fight law suit instituted against him and his followers. It took ten years to win the law suit. To register untouchable’s just right to worship in Hindu temples, he organised on 2^nd March,1930 with his follow men and women Kalaram Temple entry struggle, and carried it for five long years. But still superstitious Hindus did not allow the Untouchable to enter their temples. Even now  in free India, in many temples entry for Untouchables is banned.

Dr. Ambedkar claimed Mahatama jyotirao Phule as his political guru. When Phule was convinced that illiteracy was main reason of   untouchable slavery he opened 18 schools in and around 1848 some excursively for girl students.  Dr. Ambedkar followed suit and founded People’s Education Society on 8th July, 1945 based  on five principles  namely the ideal of knowledge, the ideals of  compassion, the ideal of democracy, the ideal of equality and the ideal of justice.  The primary aim of this society is to promote higher education among the poorer people in general and Buddhists Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and other backward Classes in particular. The Peoples Education Society founded “The Milind College, Aurangabad Maharashtra” a most backward area of Maharashtra state. Its foundation was laid by Dr. Ambedkar on 9^th July,1953. The People’s Education Society is now manning a large chain of quality educational Institutions giving employment to thousands of youth.

 Dr Ambedkar was also first to  challenge discriminatory rules and systems like a Khoti System,  Mahar Vatan, bonded labour, unequal wages to women workers, long hours of labour in factories or houses on nominal wages, non existence of maternity leave for women workers, non entry of depressed classes students into  government funded education institutions,  non employment of depressed class persons in higher posts in government services,  non payment for over time in factories. Dr. Ambedkar was a strong advocate of nationalisation of agriculture, land to be vested in government, paid maternity leave, political rights to depressed classes people,  paid over time in offices and factories at the double rate of normal wages, no religious interference  in government affairs and such other  government progressive measures.

 Thinkins importance of a political party of Dalits, Dr. Ambedkar was first to launch a political party ( I L P ) on 15^th August 1936,to protect political rights of Depressed classes. ILP won 11 seats in Bombay Presidency elections held on  17^th February 1937.

 Dr. Ambedkar’s high qualifications and mass support earned him the ever prestigious position of Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee to draft Constitution for free India. Besides being First Law Minister Of free India.   The doctor who burnt the Hindu Law Book Manusmiriti in 1927 was called upon to draft new rules for the future Indian generations, based upon the principal of equality before law, adult franchise with special protections for weak and under privileged in free India’s constitution. The constitution he gave is based on the cannons of equality to all, liberty, democracy, secular socialism and fraternity. The Fundamental Principles, the Directive Principles or other unique features of Dr. Ambedkar written Constitution. Discrimination on the basis of caste, colour, creed, place of birth, sex were uprooted by the free Indian Constitution. Untouchbility which had clung to the Hindus and divided them in to over 6743 caste segments  and it observance in any form was abolished  and made punishable offence under Art 17.

 Dr. Ambedkar  drafted  the Hindu Code Bill  on the instance and a solemn  promise of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Lal Nehru that the Bill  shall be passed in the parliament else he shall resign with his cabinet. The Bill was to give  needed rights to women.  But when fundamentalists in and outside the Parliament opposed  it the Prime Minister back tracked and decided to withdraw the Bill. On this Dr. Ambedkar resigned in project from the post of Law Minister Of India. This was perhaps first in the world history that a country’s Law Minister resigned for the rights of women. The Bill was passed in piece meals and granted present day rights to women.

Dr. Ambedkar’s sad demise in his sleep at his residence in  New Delhi on 6^th December,1956 witnesses largest funeral procession in the Bombay( Mumbai ) history making enen a record  hard to be broken even in future.

 It was rare historical occasion when over five lacs embraced Buddhism in one go.

 Baba Sahib Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Ambedkar was  a rare jewel and earned uncountable first in his life and after. Many surveys have been carried world over after Baba Sahib’s death which selected him as first among many world personalities.

In Dr.Ambedkar  “ A great man is different from an eminent one in that he is ready to be the servant of the society”.

Sadguru Kabir Sahib

                   Sadguru Kabir Sahib.

  Revered Sadguru Kabir Sahib, a Dalit saint was one of the founding fathers of Bhagati Movement

( 1375-1700) in Northern India.. Bhagti movement was akin in many ways to Protestant Reforms of Christianity. Bhagati Movement saints were all very revolutionary in their approach to God realization methods decrying the outer body decorations including celibacy, dogmas, rituals, superstitious methods devised by priestly classes. Dalit saint Guru Namdev (1270-1350) is said to be the first saint in the Bhagati Movement or Sant mat the devotional transformation of medieval Hinduism in the North. Nirguna Bhagti as preached by Bhagti Movement saints is Bhagti or worship approach to achieve the ultimate God realization objective It is based on the non qualified ( nirguna)  of the supreme Brahman, of non personnel, all pervading  ineffable, unutterable or indescribable Reality, which cannot be spoken with human tongue. It cannot be written in any wordly language alphabets. Sant Mat is based on the reality of merging the re-absorbable jiva or atma of the finite soul into the infinite ineffable sacred Reality. This supreme Reality can only be realized within human body under guidance of a God realized soul called as Guru, Master and Guide.

       Kabir Ji said  “Guru Manas Kar Jantey,Te Nar  Kahiye Andh. Maha Dukhi Sansar Main ,Age Jam  Ke Bandh.( Kabir Granthawali- Page 3)  Meaning if anybody under estimated authority of  a realized Guru, they are blind or ignorant . Such persons suffer heavily in this world and after death face curse of Yamra j( Death god or Kal). Soami Shiv Dayal Ji  Maharaj                    (1818-1876) founder of Radhasoami faith in Sar Bachan Says “ Guru Ka Dhain Dhar Paiyare,Bins Iske Nahi Chhutna ( Only  Living Guru ,a realized soul can get one rid of circle of transmigration.  Guru Arjundev said “ Vin Guru Purey Nahi Udhar, Baba Nanak Akhey Eh  Vichar”.  ( AG 886-2) Meaning:- One cannot obtain salvation with out a perfect master, Baba Nank has given his considered opinion. Kabir while praising his master ( Guru) Said

 “Sab dharti kagaj karu, lekhni sab banray , Saat samunder ki masi karu, gurugun likha na jaaye”. 

 Meaning:- It is impossible to write the virtue  of a perfect master even if one has ink equal to water in seven  oceans, full  earth surface as paper to write on  and pens made from all woods on earth surface. It simply means  perfect  mystic master’s authority is indescribable.

   The true Bhagati is sharing with God, yoked to God and devotion to God. The Bhagti movement is devotional religious movement, started from Tamil South India ( First saints Tiruppan Alvar’s) in 8th or 9th century C.E. It travelled through Bengal, Karnataka, Maharashtra reached in Northern Indian parts in thirteen century.  This movement was at its zenith in fifteen to seventeenth century in North India. Other prominent Bhagati Movement saints included Sad Guru Kabir, (1398-1518) Guru Ravidas (1414-1532) Guru Sain (1343-1398), Sahib Guru Nanak Dev (1469-1539) with other Gurus  in his linkage of Sikh Mat ,  Mahars Chokhamela and Banka ( Both  of 14th century) , Mewad queen Meerabai ( 1498-1557) ,  Sehjobai (1725-1805), potter Gora Kumhar, (1236-1317) Savata Mali (1217-1328), Saint Palto Sahib(1710-1780),Eknath (1548-1600),  Guru Ghasidas (1756–1850) Chhattisgarh founder of Satnami sect of Hinduism of Tukaram (1598-1649)  Dadu Dayal of Rajsthan  (1544-1603), Malukdas (1573-1671),Jagjivandas (1669-1760) and many more. Majority of Bhagati Movement saints or religious guides, preachers, poets Gurus, and Bhagats came from all walks of life and religions. But majority of them were from Dalit castes or Hindu exploited low caste persons including Shudras and Ati Shudras. They rejected the theory of polarity of gods as well as the Vaishnava   doctrine of Avatars of supreme Lord. The saints or seers believed in and preached God as an Absolute and ultimate Reality. Kabir said “Sahib Ka Ghar Santan Mihi, Sahib Sant Kush Anter Nahi”.( Kabir Shabdavali Part -2/37)  God is present in  Saints body frames. There is no difference between God and Saints i.e. they are one and the same.

     Sadguru Kabir has the distinction among all saints that his teachings and Bhajans (Songs in the praise of God) crossed all religions and geographical barriers. His teaching are every household lore and his name every household word.  His teachings are held in high esteems among all religious personalities. He befittingly exemplified his Dohas (Couplets), to prove their fruitfulness. Kabir was a devoted revolutionary saint with democratic bent of mind.  He discarded all that was unnecessary for God realization. Since Dalit saints had seen poverty from very close angle and suffered at the hands of rulers including hard liner priestly class of their times for opposing man made religious illusions for Bhagti (Worship)  for God realization. Saint Peepa Sahib (1408-1448) said about Kabir

     “ Jo Kal Mainj Kabir Manj Na Hote, To Ley Ved aur Kalyug Milkar,Bhagat Rasatal Dete”. ( SGGS Panna 695)

     Meaning:- If in the  Kalyuga there had not been Kabir, both religious scriptures and Kalyug ( Iron age) would have thrown souls in to hell.

 Dadu Sahib a prominent Kabir disciple said “Dadu naam Kabir ki, jae koi leve ot ,। unko kabahu laage nahin, Kaal vajr ki chot” .  Meaning:- who so ever recited Kabir’s name( Kabir Manter),shall not be punished by Kal( Negative power)

 These Bhagti Movement saints broke the superstitious, dogmatic religious cages of pundits, moulvies and alike to preach true  God realization with in human frame with the help of a God  realized/ dyed soul or Master.  For this these saints were given harsh punishments. Many of them were done to death, teased, discarded as untouchables and declared as Nastiq,or non believer in  gods and goddesses. The 5th Sikh Master Guru Arjundev Ji, who authored Adi Guru Granth in 1604 , was made to sit  live on a hot iron plate and hot sand was poured on his head. He declared in Adi Granth Sahib, (AG-622).

 “Sant Ka Marg Dharam Ki Porri “. Meaning the worshipping path shown by the saints was the true religious way to achieve salvation

 Prior to the Bhagti Movement the God realization was based on external methods and decorations, allowing only few High Caste persons to have right of Bhagati, worship for God realization or salvation from the unending birth and death prison of Karmic circle called “ Action and reaction”. These methods were not only biased and costlier but time consuming too, so beyond the reach of poor strata of Hindus and Muslims, untouchables or untouchable converts. Dalits were debarred by high caste scriptures from worshiping God. In The Valmiki Ramayana epic storey an untouchable Sambuk Rishi or ascetic person, said to be worshiping in Tryta Yuga was assassinated by Lord Rama declaring him sinner for observing austerities and to worship Almighty despite being a Dalit ( Shudra). This was highly appreciated by the Hindu gods and goddesses who are said to have rained flowers from heaven. Lord Rama, did this to save himself from a Brahmin curse. If Lord Rama said to be incarnation of Vishno (Protector and feeder deity of all ) can perform such undesired act, what to talk of  their protected high caste  religious subjects.( Valmiki Ramayana, Book 7, the 'Uttarakanda' -73-76   )      

       The  religious approved methods  of God realization like, idol worshiping( Sarguna Bhagati), fasting, bathing in pre-decided  holy rivers/waters; styling one’s hair as some kept long hairs ,others tonsured ,still others kept a long  hair  lock in the heads crown ( Chotior); shaving of face or keeping long beards; observing complete celibacy; fasting, giving alms, to undertake cumbersome worshiping techniques while living in secluded places in deep forests; caves ; worshiping trees like  fig  (Peepal), Basil ( Tulsi), offering water to Sun god, to perform Yagnas ( burning food stuffs while reciting mantras ,verses from holy books), reading holy books),put sandal wood paste on fore heads, wear holy thread (Yagyopaveet); circumcision for Muslims , to undertake long journeys  to  pre fixed religious places Titath or Haj Yarta or journey, deification of ancestors (Pitirpuja), observe all religious laws including  caste systems and to observe untouchbility;  offering alms to Brahmins, feeding animals like cow , birds like crow and insects and reptiles like ants and snakes,  pleasing gods and goddesses by offering sacrifices of animals including humans at altar (Yagyashals),getting sawed bodies for reaching heaven( Karvvat) and many such other acts .  Observance of all these methods by ignorant masses proved boon to priestly classes.  In practice more ignorant and illiterate were the masses the more prosperous shall be priestly cheats (Thugs). The priests and religious books have described husbands as only god for women to worship and serve them well for their salvation. This was irrespective of the facts that many husbands indulged in intoxicants, followed polygamy, dacoits, deceivers etc. But still they were gods for women. Worst of all a woman was religiously desired to get burnt alive with the dead body of her husband. For doing so the said reward was to live with her husband for 35 million years in heaven. The practice was outlawed by the British Raj in 1829 within British India  territories with a general ban for the whole of India issued by Queen Victoria in 1861.  Committing Sati by Roop Kanwar on 4th Sepember,1987 shocked  India once again. The war on sati is yet not over as the Hindu scriptures glorify it as mean to salvation for women. ( for reference please see Devdasi,Sati Pratha Aur Kanya Hatya by Shitla Sahaye and Atul Krishan Vishvas,Publishers Goutan Book Centre).

        Bhagati Movement saints preached the NIRGUNA Bhagti or un-attributable God realization worship. It had no place for external rituals or dogmas.  Saint Namdev said “Sanp Kunj shorey Vikh Na Tiyage,Udhak Mahin Jesse Baggu Dhain Mandey”. (Satgur Namdev panna 485)  .Meaning  a snake can off load  its skin, but not the poison and a crane pretends to be engrossed in worship but as soon as it finds a fish ,it pounces upon and swallows it. Kabir said in Kabir Sakhi Sangrah-127) “ Bambi Kutey Bamrey, Sanp Na Mara Jaye; Murakh Bambi Na Dasey sarap Sabhan Ko Kaye”. Meaning: O foolish why beat snake barrow and not snake It is snake not barrow which is poisonous. By saying so Kabir explains that it is your mind power , creator of all sinful ideas, which needs to be brought under control not the body under control of the mind by external means.  Similarly a person engaged in worldly ills behaves as  if a great worshiper of god but  does not lose ego and continues to be  hardhearted.

 So all Bhagati Movement saints decried external means of God realization as prescribed in holy books and by religious high priests. External worshiping techniques has limited role to control mind. Permanent solution lies in   Nirguna Bhagti way through the grace of a realized Master.

 Kabir decried such external means by saying------ Ajamedh, Gomedh Yag,Ashawmedh,Narmedh

                                                                                 Kahey Kabir Adharam Ko Dharam Bataven Ved

(  Meaning:-Slaughtering animals like goats, cows, horses and men as oblation in religious sacrifices along with  religious  books including Vedas preach against true  religious norms , so said Kabir).            ( Kabir Shabdawali page 353)

     To Saints or Bhagati Movement God realized guides, described all Sarguna Bhagti or external Religious means or exercises as futile with which only limited gains. Saints approved only way to God realization was to get initiated from a realized Master or  saint and then follow his method while living a family life. Saints earned their livelihood by adopting their parental professions. They disapproved the Brahminical methods of living on alms. Kabir Sahib Said, “I shall prefer to die than living on begging”.

Guru Ravidas Said, “I always keep my mind absorbed in Lord’s worship and my hands engaged to earn for livelihood”.

  External Religious exercises were used as powerful tools in the hand of religious but superstitious preachers for promised salvation (MUKTI), to get into heaven (SAWARG) and to avoid hell (NARAK). This enslaved frightened and   illiterate masses for fear of punishments after death to those who avoided priestly dictates. These illiterates masses worried little for their present deplorable conditions but were more worried for their promised comforts in heaven after death. This further created conditions for their enslavement through the religiouspreists.

 But Bhagati saints termed all these as myth. Saint Palto(1710-1780),who was done to death by orthodox priests, proclaimed in his Kundlian:-

“Sant Na Chayen Mukat Ko,Nahi Patharath Char,                Nahi Patharath Char Mukat Santan Ki Cheri,     Rid “hi Sidhi Par Thukan,Sawarg Ki As Na Heri”     Kavan Narak Kaya Saward Vichara ,Santan Dou Radhey  Hum Kahu Ki Kann Na Kadtey,Apne Gur Parsadey                  ( Kabir Vani-Adi Granth Panna 969)

Meaning:- Saints   neither seek salvation, nor worldly wealth’s, as salvation is  under their command, they spit (discard) on miracle powers and have no desire for heaven, terming these as misconceptions.         Meaning:- Saints  decry both hell (Narak )and heaven (Sawarg), as they have attained heights of salvations  beyond  Sawarg or Narak  with the grace of their Guru .

         God realized persons are called referred as Saints, Gurus, Bhagats, Sadgurus etc. To them “Guru Gobind,Gobind Guru Hai, Inmain Bhedh Naa Dujja” i.e. God and  God realized Masters are one and the same with no difference”.  

        Saint Palto Said “Ram Ke Ghar Ke Bhich Kam Sab Sante Karte,Devta Tantees Kot Sant Se Sab Hi Dartey ”.

 Meaning In the kingdom of God, everything is under the command of Saints and 330 millions deities are afraid of Saints, so these deities do not interfere in saints working.

To God realized Saints Rama, Krishana, Hari, Rahim, Allah; Khuda,God, Logas, were the different names attributed to the one supreme power. This supreme power created the universe and also looks after it. At the same time He is immortal. God is above the cycle of birth and death. Guru Nanak in Japuji sahib  declares “ Ad Sach,Jugad Sach,Hai Bhi Sach,Hosi Bhi Sach”

 Meaning: God Almighty only is permanent, non perishable or true ( Satya or Sach) everything else is temporary, Changing with time ( Asatya).                

Kabir Said“ Sach Soyi Jo Sathir Rahiyi,Upje Vinsey Juth Hoi Jayi”. Meaning:- Sach, True or Permanent is HE, rest all is perishable.  This permanent power say God, Universal Creator, created every human body frame on His image. God resides in Human frame called Ghar-dar, Mukti Ka Darwaja, Daswan Dawar, and Dasweengali which is in human body.

      Dalits are a section of society regarded as untouchable by Hindus. Several influential Hindu saints were members of this caste, including Ravidas, Kabir, Namdev, Chokhamela, and Kanhopatra. The Dalit saints constituted over70% of Bhagti movement saints. Some writers believe that Bhagwan Valmik and Veda Vyasa, the poet writers of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, were also of Dalit background. Bhagti Movement Saints teaching was a direct challenge to the teaching of orthodox Hindus and Muslims alike. People from all religions were Kabir’s disciples. Kabir found Indian history as storey of slavery.  Dr B.R.Ambedkar while describing the contents of Hindu scriptures said they contained only stories of kings, queens , warriors and abuses or curses to low caste peoples or shudras.   

 Kabir was a servant of humanity and thus a servant of Divinity. He preached what he practiced. As per one of the myths, it is said that after the death of Kabir Sahib, both and Hindus and Muslims claimed his dead body. Both wanted to perform last rites as per their religious norms. This created a problem, when a Kabir’s disciple asked to remove the shroud over the body. On removing the cover from the body only flowers were found and no dead body. Both the religious people divided the flowers remains and performed last rites as per their religious faiths viz. cremation by Hindus and burying by Muslims. When they were fighting the Spirit of Kabir appeared and said, “I was neither a Hindu nor a Muslim, I was both. To him who is free from delusion, for him both Hindus and Muslims are same. Remove the shroud of delusion and see the miracle”. Soami Shiv Dayal Ji Maharaj said in Sar Bachan “ Panni Mathey Kush Hath Na  Aye, Khir  Mathan Aalas Phara:                                  Meaning :- Water churning is a futile exercise but to churn milk to get rewarded with butter is taken as difficult. Here he compares water with worldly rituals , ceremonies and churning milk with proper worship  techniques for everlasting  salvation.

     Since in a majority cases not much was written down about the lives of the saints, by saints themselves or their educated devotees. Saints never wanted anything in their glorification and there was wide spread illiteracy among their devotees. Many things about their life events are carried orally through ages.  So confusions and contradictions mixed up later about their parenthoods, places of birth, family details, religion or castes, dates associated with their life facts including births and deaths. Later writers collected different clues from different sources forming their own views, at times varying with one another. In case of Dalit saints this version had more relevancies. After long discussions and comparison of different research works by different scholars, some facts were churned out to be most acceptable by subject experts. The largely accepted facts about the life of Sadguru Kabir are given here. Whereas differences in different writers still persists. The specific purpose of the write up is to throw light in brief on the teachings of Kabir Sahib, than to enter into controversial facts.

    Kabir ,( from Arabic al-Kabīr ) which means "The Great ,the Supreme, one of the 99 names of Allah. Many Muslim Ullmans have   described Kabir Ji as MUHAVIZ meaning a  mystic personally, which cannot  be easily understood. Whatever a Muhaviz does it is only for seeking divine grace. As per Sahitya Ka Itehas by Ramchander Shukal in Hindi, Kabir is said to have  born of a Brahmin virgin, who abandoned the child  on a lotus in Lahartale in Banars, now Varanasi. The child was found and adopted by a childless Muslim couple revered Shri Neema and Pujya Mata Shrimati Neera. Shri Neema  and Mata Shrimati Neera  were weavers by profession. Birth of  Sadguru Kabir from Brahmin mother, Guru Ravidas himself as Brahmin  in his previous birth and such other saying  seem to have been associated will fully with Brahmin caste, to keep supremacy of Brahmins . But  the modern authors point suspicious finger on such theories.          

 As per legend Kabir is said to have born in 1398 and passed away in 1518. He became disciple of Ramanand (1366-1467) in 1455.So Kabir was younger to Saint Namdev by 128 years, who had passed away 48 years before Kabir was born. Kabir was 16 years elder to Guru Ravidass and 71 years to Baba Nanak. These three legends of Bhagati movement had common life span of  about five decades.

 Guru Ravidas has said that Kabir’s parents were Muslim, who celebrated Idd and Bakridd by slaughtering animals like cows. His parents also prayed before Peers, Faquirs and Mulvies for worldly blessings. Kabir’s father  lived within Shariyat ( Muslim Law) norms But Kabir their son  by dint of his high spirituality dyed mind  and living principles attained reverence heights and   fame in three worlds ( Bhu Mandal, Akash and Patal), i.e. the earth antipodes’ , celestial sphere, infernal or hell.

Jaa  Ke Idd Baker Idd Kul Gau Re Vadh Karheye,   Ja Kei Bap Vessi Kari Poot Asi Sari

Manhiye Seikh Sahid Perra   Tihun Re Lok Parsidh Kabira                          ( Adi Granth Sahib Panna 1293)

 Kabir’s deciple and spiritual heir  Dharamdas said,”Mai Turkani,Bapp Julaha, Beta Bhagat Bhaiy “.

Meaning:- Kabir’s mother was Muslim his fater was weaver( Julaha), but their son became worshiper of universal Creator.

 Kabir himself has said about his caste               

Hindu Kahun To Main Nahin, Musalman bhi Nahin Panch Tatav Ka Putla,Gabhi Kheley Mahin  (Kabir Sakhi Page 75)

Meaning:- I am neither Hindu  nor Muslim.  My body is made of five perishable material ( Earth, water, air, fire and ether) , where in my  invisible Soul  with Almighty as it  source resides.

 Kabir was a weaver by caste as mentioned in many slokas by saints including Kabir Ji himself

  “Oshi Mat Meri Jat Julaha,Har Ka Nam Liyo Main Laha”.( AG524) My caste is lowest Jolaha ( Weaver). But I have got benefitted by worshiping Hari ( God Almighty)

 Guru Amardas, 3^rd Sikh Guru said “ Nama Shinbaa Kabir  Julaha,Pure Gur Te Mat Pai”.( AG Panna 830) Meaning Namdev was tailor and Kabir Ji weaver. But both despite their low caste attained spiritual heights by their Guru’s grace.

said in  (AG-Panna 656). 

Maharashtra Sain Tukaram said, “ The Momin Kabir”. Or Kabir was Muslim.

 Kabir is said to be married with Mai Loi and the couple had one son Kamala and a daughter named Kamali. Kabir earned his livelihood from profession of weaving. Although Kabir was a highly realized Nam dyed personality, even then his opponents called him Nirgura meaning not having a religious, spiritual Master, which as per Sant Mat is a must for every sadak or Saint. So he approached Ramanand (1366-1467) for seeking his blessing. But Ramanand belonged to Sri Sampardai ,who observe strict Caste system . Ramanand Ji would never accept a Shudra or Muslim as his disciple. So Kabir Ji lied on the steps leading to Ganga Ghat, where Ramanand used to go for bathing daily before sun rise. While coming down on steps he struck Kabir and Said “Ram Ke Parare Kaho Ram Ram “.O, Ram’s creation say Ram Ram. This way it is said Kabir Ji became disciple of Ramanand. This was confirmed by Ramanand later. Earlier Kabir and Ramanand had worshiping norms poles apart; even then Kabir respected Ramanand as his Master. Later Ramanand also  adopted Sant Marg or NirgunBhagti Marg and one of his poems is contained in Sri Guru Granth Sahib      ( Adi Granth Panna 1195) 

 ( Kat Jayeyo Re ghar Lago  Rang, Mera Chit Na Chaley Man Bhayo Pang---)                                                                                                                      

 Meaning why go elsewhere and adopt external means of God realization, when He resides in one’s body. With this worship his ( Ramanand’s) mind had been lamed and tamed, so had come under his  control.  On surrendering to Guru’s will, his chian of birth and death  has been cut. His delusions and confusions are removed. He  have understood the secret that God is omnipresent and Guru‘s shabad eradicates curse of million karmas. This qualifies that Ramanand adopted Nirguna Bhagati too and accepted the path Kabir preached. But Kabir explains about his Guru or master as Vivek (intellect)  He said(AG-793), “Sant Ko Mat Koi Nidyho,Sant Ram Hain Eko. Kaho Kabir So Main Gur Paya Ja Ka Nam Viveko”.

Meaning;- Kabir proclaims on the basis of  his intellect  the Sant ( saint)  and God Almighty are one and the same.

     Now it is settled by   many authors that Kabir undertook long journeys to places in Punjab, Utter Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and some other places. During theses visits he is said to have met many other Bhagti Saints including Guru Nanak. Kabir had many  spiritual disciples.

   Although Kabir did not get formal education but he was brilliant and laborious   from childhood. He has inclination towards Bhagati  or worship even in his young days.  Kabir vani is full of compassion, respect for different religions but opposed to irreligious customs, dogmas, superstitious principles devised to keep illiterate masses under the control of Pundits and Moulvies.  All unnecessary acts not falling in line with Nirguna Bhagati were decried with convincing examples and explanations. Kabir Vani contained words from many languages which show he had association with many  learned persons and had travelled widely.  Kabir himself confesses in one of his Padha( Couplet)

  Mas-Kagaj Shuyo Nahi,Kalam Gahi Nahi Hath. Meaning:- I have not touched ever ink and paper., the medium of writing.

 But Kabir have vividly described the true state of our society ( Samaj )  .Whatever he preached, he testified  its validity by getting  practical  practices

. Kabir said “ Tou Kahta Kagaj Ki Lekhi, Main Kahta Ankhan Dekhi”. Meaning worldly philosophers say what they have read from books but Kabir says out of his practical knowledge.

 Renowned authors Karine and W.H.McLeod in their book” The Saints” published by Motilal Banarsidass has give following  details of Kabir’s works in a easy by Linda Hess.

 1. Guru Granth Sahib   226( Padas) distributed in  16 Ragas. With  237 or 239 Salokas. But V.K.Sethi of RSSB in his Kabir the weaver of God’s name, mentions them as 228 peoms and 243 salokas)

2. Panchvani 810 Sakhis in 59 sections or angas with 384 pads.

3. Kabir Bijak  has 84 Ramainis,115 Sabadas,353 sakhies, 34 miscellaneous

4.Kabir Granthavali has 403 poems,810 couplets and 7 Ramanies(  Edited bySham Sunder Das).

   Some of  the salokas,padahs  given in different books have resemblances as well

   It is said Kabir used to sing these in his satsangs (spiritual discourses).  Dalit saints  of Bhagati movement  have addressed God Almighty by names like Ram, Hari,  Gobind, Guru,  and  associated names of Krishana, Vishno etc. repeated a number of times. Sri  Guru granth Sahib addressed the Almighty God  as Ram 2533 times, Krishana( 22) Mohan( 60) Murari(179).Where as in Kabir vani contained in  Adi Granth  these salutations (Ram—112, Krishana with associated  name—33, vishno -18 Guru 35 times) and  in Kabir Panchvani (Ram-220-Krishan—71 ,Vishno—13, Guru 35 ) and in Kabir Bichak ( Ram—49 times, vishno-2 ,Guru 7  times). This created an illusion in some minds that these Bhagti Movement saints also worshiped   Ayudhiya king Dashrath ‘s son Ram, whose wife Sita was stolen by Lanka king Ravana, Vasudeva and Devki’s son , Arjuna’s charioteer Krishana, goddess Laxmi’s spouse Vishno etc. But it was not so, their Ram was not Vishnu Avatar, who killed Dalit Sambuka Rishi to earn praises from Brahmana gods and goddesses. Ram to them was the spiritual  power  which is universal Creator.     

   Guru Ravidas has said “ Ravidas Hamare Ram Ji  Dashrath Kar Sut Nahi”. Or Ravidas’s Ram is not Ayudhaya King Dashrath ‘s son, but the One which prevails in every universal creation.

 Guru Namdev has said” Raja Ram Japat Ko Na Tariyo “. Or nobody got salvation by worshiping King Ram.   

Kabir Said” Ram Bhara Ki Ramhi Jaya “ or Is Raja  Ram greater or  One, who has given birth even to Raja Ram.

 Kabir  Ji  specified four Rams, not one.

 “ Ek Ram Dashrath Ka Beta,Ek Ram Ghat Ghat Main Leta,Ek Ram Ka Sagal Pasara,Ek Ram En Sab Se Niyara”. Meaning:-

 One Ram was King Dashrath’s Son, One Ram is Mann( mind power) residing in all humans who commands human sensual  power currants, One Ram is Kal ( Dharam Raj)  the mythological administrator,who mages  Triloki affairs and one Ram is above all other three.  Kabir worships the last one which is aloof from others.. 

Pointing that he worships Nirgun power, Kabir Ji said “ Kabir Ke  Sawami  Esey Thakur, Ja Ke  Mai Na Bap Re” Meaning:- Kabir’s  worshiping Lord has no mother or father i.e. He is beyond birth and death circle and He is Immortal.                                    Guru Granth Sahib also proclaims “Varn,Jat,Chihn Na Koi,Sab Hukme App Chaliynda” meaning The universe Creator has no colour ,caste, or mark. He is everything by Himself and everything in this universe moves under His will .

Like many other Bhkti Saints, Kabir sahib decried the external false methods of worshiping Lord, human division on the basis of castes, religions and sex.

 Below is given in brief Kabir’s preaching’s for God realization along with some other saints in support of Kabir Ji

Caste System:-

 All Bhagati movement saints have decried caste system. Sain Buley Shah said

              “ Amlan Uthey Hon Ge Nabere,Jat Kise Pushni Nahiyo”.  Meaning:-On the day of judgement, only actions shall be accounted for not the castes.

 Barrey Barayi Paye Kar,R

 Saint Palto Said “ Palto Unchi Jat Ka Jan Koi Karey Anhkar,Sahib Ke Darbar Main,Kewal Bhagat Payar”. Let no body be proud of his/her caste, on the day of judgment only actions shall be evaluated.

 Sri Guru Gobind Singh  Ji(1666-1708) Ji said “Eh Pitta Eks Ke Hum Balik”. Meaning We are all children of the only One Creator, or Vaheguru. He again said “ Manas Ki Jat Sab Eke Pahchanoyo”. Consider all human as having only one Caste.

Palto Sahib said “  Palto Unchi Jat Ka Mat Koi Karey Ahnkar,Sashib Ke Darbar Main Keawl Bhagat Payar”.

 Palto Saib says let nobody should feel proud of his/her high caste, as on the day of judgment only severity of love for the Lord shall be judged or evaluated and not the superiority of one’s caste.

-“Jat Nahi Jagdish Ki, Hari-Jan Ki Kaha Hoi. Jat Pat Ke Kich Main Dub Maro Mat Koi”. ( Kabir Granthawali-359)

       Meaning; If the Creator “Jagdish” has no caste, how a person can have it. Let no one get drown in the caste mud and dirt differences. So give no importance to castes.

  “Alla Ek Masit Basat Hai,Avar Mulak Kis Kera, Hindu Murat Ram Nivasi,Duh Mahi Tat Na Hera”.( AG Panna 1349)

 Muslim say their Alla Khuda (God) resides in Mosque and Hindu Says his God resides in an idol, then Kabir questions, who reside elsewhere. Both has great differences due to ignorance.. In the same verse Kabir said, “ Eitey Utrn Murda Sajey, Eh Sab Roop Tumhare, Kabir Pangura Ram Alla Ka, Sab Gur Peer Hamarey. Meaning:- to Kabir He resides in every leaf, everywhere with all figures as His. Kabir is son of both Alla and Ram and all His names are dear him. Kabir ji also said:-

“ Ek Bund Ek Mal Mutar, Ek Cham Aur Guda.      Ek Jyoti Se Sab Hi Janmey, Ko Brahman Ko Suda”.

                                                                                                                                       ( Dalit Kabiya dhara Mata Prashad-page 70)

Meaning: Everyone is born out of a drop semen, all similarly excreta body wastes, posses similar skin, and anus . All are born with similar soul and Anant Jyoti, and then what differentiates persons as Brahmin and Shudra with high or low castes.        

Kabir questions a Brahmin by saying “ Je Toou Brahmin,Brahmani Jaya,Aur Bat Kahe Na ayya”. If a Brahmin is superior than others, why he did not adopt different route ( body aperture)  for his birth. If the process of birth and death is same for everybody where is justification to be superior and inferior, high and low? Guru Nank said

           “ Nichayan Ander Nich Jat,Nichi Huh  Ati Nich, Nanak Tin Ke Sath Sang, Badian Se Kaya Ris”

 Meaning Nanak is with those who have lowest of low caste, and he has no relations with high caste people ( AG- Panna15)

 Guru Ravi das decried this system

“ Ravidas Brahmin Matt Pujiye,Joo hovey Gunn Hinn,Pujey Charan Chandal Ke Joo Hovey Gunn Parveen”. Meaning do not worship a Brahmin devoid of virtue, instead worship feet of a Chandal ( Lowest of low in caste) if he is righteous and honest..

 Murti Puja (idol Worship):-

Kabir has shown that  the worship of dead stone idols was a futile exercise for salvation   .He said  

.“Pakhan Ghar Ke Murti Kini De Ke Shati Paun, Je Eh Murti Sachi Hai To Gharan Harey Khau”.   ( AG-Panna 479)

 Meaning: A sculptor from a stone piece sculptures an idol with cutting and beating with hammer and iron tools while sitting on its chest wearing shoes.If the idol has life and feels pains of hammering it should first kill and eat up the sculptor. But there is no such thing. So idol is life less stone and to worship it nothing but useless.

 Kabir ji saith “ Joo Maritik Ko Chandan Charave,Us Se Kahu Kavan Phal Pave.”  Meaning by making offering sandalwood paste to a lifeless body or stone ( idol),what one is going to get, as idol being dead cannot grant any boon. Hitting hard on idol worship Kabir Sahib said, “ Pathar Pooje Har Miley ,To Main Poojon Pahar, Murat Se Chakki Bhali,Pees Kaye Sansar”. Meaning If one gets access to Hari ( God) or salvation by worshiping a stone idol, he  shall worship a mountain. He again jokingly  takes a nip at superstitious people that a grinding stone is better to  a stone idol, as it feeds people by grinding grains into flour for making bread.

Dadu Sahib  Ji Said “ Dadu Duniya Bavri,Marian Pujan Utt,Jo Challey Gaye Jahano,Unse Mangen Poot”.

 Meaning:- People have become made, who worship Marhi cremation places ( dead) who ask for  boons of giving sons from dead persons, how can their boons ber granted by those who have left the world since long?

 False Sadhus (Hermits) :-

All those who wear different colored and styled clothes but void of  real worshiping techniques are not saints or Sadhus. Many of them have run away from their worldly duties and pretend as Sadhu living on alms. There may a few realized souls among them. But majority of them have left none of the worldly ills. They remain filled with filthy ego. Many get irritated on small provocations. Kabir said “ Khima Sadh Ka Khel”. Means real Sadhus observe forgiving and forgetting as nobody else can do this. ( Kabir Granthawali 122)

   Again while describing qualities of a Sadh a begger with dyed clothes and Sidh (Realized soul persons) Kabir said

“Sadh Sidh Barr Antra,Jese  Amm Babool, Wa ki Dari Ami Fal,Ya ki Dari Sool”.( Kabir Sakhi Sangraha Page 122)

 Meaning: - Between a Sadh and a Sidh there is world of difference as in mango and acacia trees. Mango tree gives sweet mangoes but the acacia tree produce only thorns.

  Kabir declared “Vey Nar Jogi Kar Janey,Khoje App Sarira. Tinko Mukti Ka Sansa Nahi Kahit Julah Kabira ( Kabir Granthawali--Page 246)

Meaning:- The Jogi ( A person absorbed in Surat-Shabad Yoga) is one who searches Lord  with in his body. They should not worry for salvation as salvation is assured to such persons proclaims Kabir, the weaver. Kabir further explains that a real Sadhu is found of love and not of money. A sadu found of money or worldly pleasures is not a real Sadhu but a Thug (Cheat)

Those who wear three and half yard cloth around waists, put on thee thread holy yagyopavits, chains  of beats around necks and have  round brass mugs in hands, are not Saints but cheats of Banaras.

 Kabir describes such cheats in his Vani( AG-476)

  “ Gajj Sarey Tray Dhotian,Tehrey Payan Tagg,                       

   Gallian Jinah Japmalian Lote Hath Nibagh

    Ou Har Ke Sant Na Akhiye,Banaras Ke Thag”.

 Kabir Ji again said” Kabir Sangat Sadh Ki Jou Ki Bhussi Khaye,Kheer Khan Haluwa Miley Sakat Sang Na Jaye”.

 Meaning :- A real saint lives  prefers company of spiritual minded persons  in whose company he may have to eat barley bread( Cheap grain), but avoid the company of Sakat or Manmukh , who is after mind and sensual  pleasures, even if such persons can provide rich food and pleasure full life comforts Guru Baba Nanak also avoided  rich man Malik Bhago,s meals and instead stayed and dined  with a poor carpente Bhai Lalo . On arguments why Guru Nanak refused his rich meals in the feast, Guru Nanak took dry Chappty of Bhai Lalo in one hand and rich meals of rich man in the other hand and squeezed both.Blood flew out of the meals of rich man and milk from poor carpenter’s dry bread. Baba Nanak then explained that a labourer earns his livelihood with labour but rich by deception. The meals of poor  honestly earned are worth more for spiritual life. Sadguru Kabir Ji  stressed a moral virtuous life for all especially with greater stress for Sadhus( Saints). Kabir ji said” Kami,Karodhi,Lalchi. En Se Bhagat Na Ho,Bhagati Karey Koi Surma,Jat,Varn ,Kull Kho”. Meaning persons with desires of lust ( sex),anger, ego and greed are unfit for worship. A few who are above these shortcomings including hue of their, castes, creads, dynasties linkage ego etc. are capable for achieving heights in the worship of Lord.

Pitirpuja (Deification of ancestors) :-  hue

               The innocent peoples were made to shed offering to Brahmins on the death of a person, then at monthly and yearly intervals for salvation of the departed soul. This has remained since ages a great source of income of the pundits , that is why Brahmins do not let this system die. Bhagati movement saints one and all decried it with full force. Guru Ghasidas said “I see pitarpuja as act of foolishness”.

 Kabir Ji saiyth “Jivat Pittar Na  Manney Kou,Muye Siradh Karahi,

                        Pittar Bhi Bapurey Kahu Kaya Pavhi,Kouya,Kookar Khahi”

Meaning:- During life time  people do not serve their patents well but after death they perform deification for ancestors .Out of offerings ancestors also do not get anything only crows and dogs are fed on the food offering. The cash and kind offerings are taken away by pundits, befooling all by false promises of heaven for the dead.

  Alms or begging:-  The majority of Brahmins live on alms in one way or the other  proclaiming that the Jajmans  (gift giver to  Brahmin for performing  religious ceremonies)  shall be granted heaver after death if they gave offering to Brahmins in cash and kind..  This was refuted by the Bhagati Movement saints. Guru Nanak Said

 “Guru Peer Sadaye,Mangan Jaye,Ta Ke Mool Na Lagon Paye; Ghal Khaye Kush Hathon Dey,Nanak Rah Pashaney sai”.

Meaning:- Any saint or Guru living on begging, is devoid of truth, so do not accept him as guru. A person who earns his livelihood by hard and honest means and serves his guests out of his honest earning, he is exalted saint.

 Kabir said “Marr Jayon,Mangoon Nahi, Apne Tan Ke Kaj, Parmarath Ke Karney, Mujey Na Away Lajj”

 Meaning I shall prefer death than resorting to begging for my livelihood. But begging for community cause, I do not feel hasitant..

  Kabir has also said “Guru Ko Assa  Chahiye,Sish Ka Kashu Na Leh”. It is imperative for a guru not to accept anything from disciples. Kabir again explains the qualities of a Sadhu or actual realized soul as

  “ Sadu Bhuka Bhav Ka, Dhann Ka Bhukha Nahi,  Dhan Ka Bhukha Jo Phirey,So to Sadhu Nahi”. Meaning a sadh  or God realized soul has passion for love and not money( wordly  temporary gains).Any body craving for money is not Sadhu.

 Guru Ghasidas also advised his disciples not to declare him superior to any commoner.

Woman:- The woman was also declared of low caste by  upper caste  norms. She was declared as most impure and vile Gosowami Tulsidas said in  Ramchrit Manas in Aranya Kand(43)  “Lust, anger, greed pride etc. constitute the most powerful army of ignorance. But among them all the fiercest and the most troublesome is that incarnation of Maya (the Lords deluding potency) called woman. Prashar Samiriti (7/20) declares that on first day menstruation period woman is Chalnadan or Out Caste on second day Brahhatyari or killer of a Brahmin and on the third day a Dhobinor or washerwoman, all lowest of low in caste hierarchy. Against this Guru Nanak said “ Je-kar Sutak Maniye,Sabtey Sutak Hoye”.(AG-572) meaning If one  considers impurity, impure is every thing in our working.  Since majority of our life acts are performed by women, so all these should be declared as impure. In another verse of AG-473 sahib “So Kayon Manda Akhiye,Jit Janmey Rajan”. Why call ill of woman ,who gives birth to kings the rulers ,gods, goddesses, Peers, bhagats all human. Kabir Ji Said( KSS-106)

“ Sab Ghat Mere Sayian,Sooni Sej Na Koi,Valihari Va Ghat Ki, Ya Ghat Praghat Hoi”. Meaning:-My lord is Omnipresent and there is no creation devoid of Him. But I salute the person in whom He has manifested.

  Tirath Asnan (Bathing in manmade holi waters) :-

             Saints decried Tirathasnan as well. It was not only wastage of time and money, but it enhances ego. External rituals were futile like repeatedly cleaning an empty pot. Kabir said’

“ Kayya Manjis Koun Gunna, Jyon Ghat Bhitar Malna. Layoki Athsath Tirath Nayi Kayorapan Tyon na Jayi”.

(Adi Granth Panna 656).  Meaning that bathing, washing and cleaning of body has no spiritual use .It is like cleaning an empty earthen pot. If a bitter guard is made to wash in sixty eight holi water of designated rivers/ tanks (Tiraths for Hindus),it does not lose its bitterness. The Maan or mind cannot be controlled by external means. Saint Namdev sayth,

  “Sanp Kunj shorey Vikh Na Tiyage, Udhak Mahin Jesse Baggu Dhain Mandey”. (Satgur Namdev panna 485) 

As a snake can off load old skin, but not the poison and a crane pretends to be engrossed in worship but as soon as it finds a fish ,it pounces upon and swallows it. Similarly a person engaged in worldly ills behaves as if a great worshiper of god but does not lose ego and continues to be hardhearted.  Kabir Ji also said( AG-484)

“ Jall Ke Manjin Je Gatt Hove, Nit,Nit Mendik Navhi, Jesey Mandik,Tesse Uhi Nar, Fir,Fir,Yuni Avahhi”.  Kabir says if a man could get salvation by bathing, then the frog which lives in water it self should have been granted salvation. But it is not so. Persons those want to get salvation by bathing even in different waters shall get it as this process is devoid of it. So it is no use to go to different places, may be designated as holy  water bathing sources, as it shall not help full in attaining salvation.

“ Innttar Maail Jey Tirath Navey, Tise Vakunth Na Jana, Pujeye Ram Ek Hi Deva Sacha Navan Gur Ki Seva”. Meaning:  Even if a person internally impure ( full of  worldly desires like ego) take bath in holy waters, he shall not get into heaven. The real worship is to contemplate on Almighty God by serving one’s master well. By serving well a master is not to offer him worldly riches or body services but to follow his spiritual teaching. Kabir also said (

Styling the hairs. (Sirr- mundane). In the name of religion some people keep long hair on heads and faces, others tonsured  and still others kept a long lock in the  their head crowns( Choti). But Kabir disproved it for being religious persons. Kabir Said  KSS-127)“ Moond Mundaye Har Miley Sab Koi Leye Mundaye, Barr Barr Ke Mundtey Bhedh  Vekunth Na Jaye”.

Meaning If one can get heaven by tonsuring his head, everybody can get it done, as it is so easy to cut hair.  Kabir says it is not so, because a sheep is shaved twice annually, but it does not get in to salvation. So a person following such techniques shall also not get anything worthwhile.

Celibacy, naked wondering in forests:-

   Bhagti Saints has disapproved the   complete celibacy, leaving one’s home and hearth and living naked as means of salvation. These methods are however taken by pundit and Prohits as religious acts. Kabir Sahib refutes such acts as fruitless, leading no where in spiritual progress. He said in  (Sant Sad Guru Kabir-324)

 “ Nagan Firt je Payiaye Yog, Van Ka Mirig Mukat Sab Hog.

    Moond Mudaye Je Sidhi Pai,Mukat Bherr Na Gaya Kai.                              

     Bindu Rakh Jo Tariye Bhai,Khusere Kyon Na Param Gat Pai”.

 Meaning:-If one gets salvation by remaining naked, all animals in the forest should have got it. If by getting one’s head tonsured, he gets salvation then Sheep should have got it. If celibacy observance is way to God realization, then the eunuchs should get salvation. But this is not so. As if one attains salvation, he or she vacates body frame to merge back into Lord.

 Bookish knowledge:- Even  ritualistic  reading is of no use declares Kabir( BSS-167)

     “Poothi Parr Parr Jag Moya,Pandit Bhiya Na Koi, Eko Akashar Prem Ka Parrey Soo Pandit Hoi”. Meaning: All reading is wastage of time and resources as it does not make one realized soul. It is one word of “Love” for all which makes one realized soul.  This way Kabir preaches universal love for all, which will remove the ego of high and low and it will lead one to Lord. He again says in (KGV-152) “ Vidya Kot Sabhey Gunn Kahey, Parbrahm Ko Par Na Lahey”. Meaning: - Worldly education provides all qualities and goodness but it cannot lead to Parbrahm ( Beyond Braham or Kal, where soul realizes the identity of God). Kabir Ji again proclaims (AG-525)

“ Kaya Pareye,Kaya Guneye,Kaya Ved Purana Suneye, Parehey Guney Kaya Hoi,Jo Sahij Na Mileya Soi.”Meaning:- Worldly reading or knowledge from Vedas (Vedic literature) and Puranas ( Group of 18 religious books giving stories of  gods, goddesses, kings) is of what use, if one does not know about Sahaj state. Sahaj is the spiritual stage where soul regains its natural consciousness and qualifies to merge back into its source. Kabir ji ( Kabir Granthavali)

  “Qazi Kathey Kateb Qurana, Pandit Ved  Purana,Veh Akhshir Jo Laka Na Jayi,Matra Lage Na Kanna”.

 Meaning:- Muslim Law Officer reads from  holy book Quran and Hindu Pandit reads from  Hindu holy books Vedas and Puranas. But the divine word is beyond writing or reading as it cannot be written in any worldly language.

 Dadu Sahib Says “ Dadu Dekha Deeda, Look Kahin Suneeda”. Meaning Dadu says the people of the world or educated persons talk of scriptures, but I say what I have experienced myself.

 Killing and taking intoxicants: - All Bhagti Saints have preached leading a virtuous life. They have advocated love for all creators, big or small. But some religions permitted killing of animals, even human for sacrificing to deities and taking Somrass (an intoxicating brew).

 Kabir Said “ Sain Ke Sab Jiv Hain,Kiri Kunjar Doeyi”. From elephant to ant all creators are creation of God. Kabir again said “ Kabir Jei  Ju Marehe,Jor kar Kahetey Hahi Jo Halal, Daftar Vayi Jab Kadie Hai,Hoyega Koun Haval”. AG-1375)

  Meaning:- Kabir asks a Moulvi, , you Slaughter  an animal and declare it as Halal ( Sacrifice) but  have you thought of your fate when the creator shall take  its account on the day of judgment. Kabir again said ( KSS-141)

 “ Kabir Daya Bhav Hirdey Nahi,Gyan Kathey Behad, Tee Narr Narkeyhe Jayenge,Sunn,Sunn,Sakhi Sabad”.

Meaning:- Many persons including religious preachers devoid of mercy  declare animal  scarifying and killing besides meat eating as right act by citing examples from religious texts. They may give any justifications but shall be punished heavily by pushing them into hell. Guru Nanak said in Japuji Sahib “ Lakhan Gal Vadd Hatiya Kamahi”. Meaning:- Millions commit suicidal acts by slaughtering animals. Kabir also proclaimed “Kabira Terye Jhompari Kal Katyan Ke Pass,Jo Karan Ge So Bharan Ge Tou Kyon Hoya Udas”.Kabir said it does not  matter if one lives near a slaughter house, only those who kill shall be punished. There cannot be punishment without punishable act. As gold is not affected by impurities simillarly saints are not affected by the ills of the world.

Kabir decries intoxicants (KSS-163)“Bhang,Tambakoo,Shutra,Afeemm Aur Sharab,Kahe Kabir Enko  Tajo Tab Pave Didar”.

 Meaning: - To get glimpses of Lord one has to sacrifice by abstaining from Bhang (Cannabis), Tambakoo (Tobacco) Sutra

(Inhaling intoxicating smoke) Afeem (opium) and Sharab (Liquor). These intoxicants are forbidden for the true worshipers of Lord.

  Even Manu in Manusmiriti(12-55) said “ A prist who drinks liquors enters ( the womb) of a worm, bug or moth of birds who eat excrete of violent creatures.

External  Body decorations:-  People took  body decorations(Tilk) with sandal wood paste  and bead wearing (Mala) as  religious marks. Many sadhus and god men wear them to impress their religious authority and attainments. But Bhagti movement saints decried them as such things do not carry any religious necessity. Kabir said,

 “ Mala Tilak Pahir Manmana,Logan Ram Khilona Jana”. Here Kabir says that people thought that by wearing Tilak and Malas, they will influence God Almighty. Kabir says God is not a child who can be pleased with such toys. To please God Kabir says (AG-1349) “ Keval Naam Japho Re Parani,Tab Hi Nischey Tarna”. Meaning: - Only Naam Simran ( Repetition of Naam as per instructions of a perfect master) shall ensure one’s salvation. Guru Nanak also says “ Eko Naam Hukam Hai Nanak”. Meaning:- Guru Nanak says only way to salvation in Naam Simran.

 Faith:- Kabir had un-flickering   faith in  Lord the doer of everything. Kabir said ( Kabir Sakhi Sangih 103)

   “ Na Kush Kiya Na Kar Sakon,Na Karney Yog Sarir,Jo  Kush Kiya  Sahib Kiya,Ta Te Bhaya Kabir”. Kabir said everything is done by his Guru or Lord and nothing by Kabir, but still people give credit to Kabir as Lord does not claim any credit for Himself  for such grace.

Consecration & desecration of  a place :- There was a Hindu religious belief that anybody who dies at Kanshi ( Varanasi, Banaras) shall be granted peace in the  heaven and anybody who dies at Maghar shall be put in hell to bear  sever punishments. Maghar is a  town  in  the present day Sant Kabir Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. This place is 175 Miles (280Kms) from Banars and 13 miles ( 20 Kms) from Gorakhpur. But Kabir disbelieved it and when he saw his end near, he shifted to Maghar to worship there. His Samadi (Burial Place) is at Maghar. Writer Gurnam Singh Mukatsar writes in his book( Juth Na Bool Pande Page227)  Kabir Ji said On the instance of Brahmins hell ( Narak) will not be granted to those who die at Maghar as  Tathagat Buddha  who was torch bearer for humanity passed away at this place and now Kabir shall also die there. Both these great worldly personalities granted happiness to millions by their acts, they gave life principles, they showed path to true and practical salvation. Kabir Ji said (AG-484)

 “ Manhon Kathor Marey Banaras narak Na Vanshiya Jayi,Har Ka Sant Marey Haranbey Tian Sagli Sain Tarayi”.

Meaning:- A hardhearted person devoid of love for humanity, even if dies at Banaras cannot escape punished in hell, but a saint who worship Hari ( Lord) even if he dies at Haramba i.e. Maghar, shall  grant eternal peace to his chain of relations.

 Kabir again said. “Bahut Varas Tap Kiya Kanshi,Marney Bhaeya Maghar Ki Vasi,Kasi Maghar Samm Vichari”.   ( AG 326)

 Meening:- I worshiped in Banaras for many years, but at the end I  have become resident of Maghar. Because for me Banaras and Maghar are both equal. No place on earth is devoid of universal creator, the Almighty God. He is Omnipresent.

 Kabir further shows his absolute faith in the Creator who is all merciful and powerful.

Sadguru Kabir ji was a great Dalit Saint. Like many other Dalit saints he challenged the superficial, man made worshiping techniques in Kashi a seat of Brahminical knowledge. He broke the religious cage to set free the innocent masses by denouncing external ways. To him continuous repetition of Holy name as given by a true saint or Master and to concentrate on the form of one’s Master can only break the circle of birth and death.  This annoyed the  Hindu  religious  Gurus ( Prohits,Pandits)  so they  all joined hands to Challage Kabir,but every time they got defeated  by value based practical arguments. 

Kabir said Pandey Koun Kumat Tohe Lagi------ (  Ram kishor Sharma KG-335 ) ,Kabir  challenges the worshipping techniques by pundits by explaining  ignorant Pandits are influence of stupid wisdom as they  do not whole heartedly worship universe Creator ( Ram).Kabir explains that  from reading of so called holy books the effect is similar as putting sandal wood load on a donkey back. This way you do not concentrate on Ram-nam and get dust full mouth as reward.  One remains devoid  of salvation by reciting holy Veda books  as your mare reading increases ego, which does not allow you to see Creator in all human body frames and  this is known to the creator, Ram.  Kabir again says if you kill creator’s creation in the name of religion then what are the nonreligious ways. By killing living beings and declare yourself as Munivar ( Saint)then whom we should declare as kasai ( butcher). O,blind minded you do not follow good advices but teach other  to follow what you read. You sell for money your education, reading so you waste your life time, which you got after many years good actions. Vayas, Narad explain the importance of worshiping  right techniques ,if you have any doubt you may ask Sukhdev (Vayas, Narad and Sukhdev were Hindu ascetics)  they all  say with one voice that your false man  devised worshiping methods  shall make you reach nowhere. Kabir concludes that one remains in the circle of birth and death, if he does not merge back into Creator by continuous getting absorbed in Him ( Ram)

  8-02-2015                                                                                                                       Compiler;-

 Words 8742                                                                                                                  Er.H.R.PHONSA,Jammu

Source Material:-

            1.Sant Kabir Hindi/Punjabi( Radha Soami Satsang Beas Punjab)

            2.Kabir ,The weaver of God’s Name,English(Radha Soami Satsang Beas Punjab)

            3. Sar Bachan Poetry(Radha Soami Satsang Beas Punjab)

            4.Juth Na Bool Pande,Punjabi ( By Gurnam Singh Mukatsar)

            5. Keh Ravidas Chamar,Punjabi( By Gurnam Singh Mukatsar)

            6. Kitney Aparsangitb Hain Dharam Granth,Hindi  S.Rakeshnath ( Vishav Books N.Delhi)

            7. Sri Ramachritamanasa( a Romanized Edition) Geet Press Gorakh Pur.

            8.The Saints  Edited by Karina Achomer and W.H.WcLeod( M/s Moti Lal Banarsi Das Delhi)

            9. The Kabir Granthavali byRam Krishan Sharma( Lok Bharti Prakashan N-Delhi)

            10.Wikipedia.