Wednesday, June 19, 2019

Sadguru Kabir Sahib.( Life and teachings) Completely revised and enlarged


                                    Sadguru Kabir Sahib.( Life and teachings)                        By:- Er. H.R. PHONSA, (Jammu)

           (On the eve of 641th Birth Anniversary of Sant Guru  KabirdasJi  celebrated on June 17 Monday2019)

   Revered Sadguru Kabir Sahib, a Dalit saint was one of the founding fathers of Bhagati Movement
( 1375-1700).. Bhakti movement was akin in many ways to Protestant Reformation of Christianity. Bhagati Movement saints were all very social and religious  revolutionary in their approach to God realization methods decrying the outer body decorations including celibacy, dogmas, rituals, superstitious methods devised by priestly classes for God realization. In the Northern India, Dalit saint Guru Namdev (1270-1350) is said to be the first saint in the Bhagati Movement or Sant mat, the devotional transformation of medieval Hinduism in the North. Nirguna Bhakti as preached by Bhakti Movement saints is Bhakti or worship according to its objective , the non qualified ( nirguna)  of the supreme, of non personnel, all pervading  ineffable, unutterable or indescribable Reality, which cannot be spoken with human tongue. Sant Mat is based on the reality of merging the re-absorbable jiva or atma of the finite soul into the infinite ineffable sacred Reality. This supreme Reality can only be realized within human body under guidance of a God realized soul named as Guru.
 Kabir Ji said  Guru Manas Kar Jantey, Te Nar  Kahiye Andh. Maha Dukhi Sansar Main , Age Jam  Ke Bandhor fund.( Kabir Granthawali- Page 3)  Meaning if anybody under estimated a realized Guru, they are blind or ignorant . Such persons suffer heavily in this world and after death face curse of Yamraj ( Death god or Kal). Soami Shiv Dayal Ji (1818-1876) founder of Radhasoami faith in Sar Bachan Says “ Guru Ka Dhain Dhar Paiyare,Bina Iske Nahi Chhutna ( Only  Living Guru ,a realized soul can get one rid of circle of transmigration.  Guru Arjundev said “ Vin Guru Purey Nahi Udhar, Baba Nanak Akhey Eh  Vichar”. ( AG 886-2)
 Meaning:- One cannot obtain salvation with out a perfect master, Baba Nank has given his considered opinion.
 Kabir while praising his master ( Guru) Said
 Sab dharti kagaj karu, lekhni sab banray ,   Saat samunder ki masi karu, gurugun likha na jaaye”. 
 Meaning:- It is impossible to write the virtue  of a perfect master even if he( Kabir) has ink equal to water in seven  oceans, full  earth surface as paper to write and pens made from all woods on earth surface.
 While describing  perfect Guru a medium for salvation Kabir Ji said
Ek Ghari,Adhi Ghari, Adhi Se Pun Adh, Kabir Sangat Sadh Ki Katey Kot Aphradh”. Meaning: - Company of a perfect Saint   ( Guru) even for a fraction of moment can help in washing away crores ( One Crore is equal to  10 millions) of sins.
   The Bhagati is sharing with God, get yoked to God and devotion to God. The Bhakti movement is devotional religious movement, started from Tamil South India ( First saint Tiruppan Alvar’s) in 8th or 9th century C.E. It travelled through Bengal, Karnataka, Maharashtra reached in Northern Indian parts in thirteen century.  This movement was at its zenith in fifteen to seventeenth century in North India. Other prominent Bhagati Movement saints included Sad Guru Kabir, (1398-1518) Guru Ravidas (1414-1532) Guru Sain (1343-1398), Sahib Guru Nanak (1469-1539)  with other Gurus  in his linkage of Sikh Mat ,  Mahars Chokhamela and Banka ( Both  of 14th century) , Mewad queen Meerabai ( 1498-1557) ,  Sehjobai (1725-1805), potter Gora Kumhar, (1236-1317) Savata Mali (1217-1328), Saint Palto Sahib(1710-1780),Eknath(1548-1600),  Guru Ghasidas (1756–1850) Chhattisgarh founder of Satnami sect of Hinduism , Tukaram (1598-1649)  Dadu Dayal of Rajsthan  (1544-1603),Malukdas (1573-1671),Jagjivandas (1669-1760) and many more. Majority of Bhagati Movement saints or religious guides, preachers, poets Gurus, and Bhagats came from all walks of life and religions. But majority of them were from Dalit castes or Hindu exploited low caste persons including Shudras and Ati Shudras. They rejected the theory of plurity of gods as well as the Vaishnava   doctrine of Avatars of supreme Lord. The saints or seers believed in and preached God as an Absolute and ultimate Reality. Kabir said “ Sahib Ka Ghar Santan Mihin, Sahib Sant Kush Anter Nahi”.( Kabir Shabdavali Part -2/37)  God is present in Saints. There is no difference between God and Saints i.e. they are one and the same.
     Sadguru Kabir has the distinction among all saints that his teachings and Bhajans (Songs in the praise of God) crossed all religions and geographical barriers. His Bhajan are sung in East, West, North and South with equal reverence.   Like other Bhagati Saints Kabir Ji also used common language easly understood by illiterate and literate equally. He did not use Pandit monoplised Sanskrit as his medium of his teaching. His teaching are every household lore and his name every household word.  His teachings are held in high esteems among all religious personalities. He befittingly exemplified his Dohas (Couplets), to prove their fruitfulness. Kabir  including all Dalit linkage Saints , was a devoted revolutionary saint with democratic bent of mind.  They  discarded all that was unnecessary for God realization. Since Dalit saints had seen poverty from very close angle and suffered at the hands of rulers including hard liner priestly class of their times for opposing man made religious illusions for Bhakti (Worship) for God realization. Saint Peepa Sahib (1408-1448) a disciple  of Guru Ravidas  said about Kabir
     Jo Kal Mainj Kabir Manj Na Hote, To Ley Ved aur Kalyug Milkar,Bhagat Rasatal Dete”. ( SGGS Panna 695)
  Meaning: - If in the  Kalyuga there had not been Kabir, both religious scriptures and Kalyug ( Iron age) would have thrown souls in to hell.
    These Bhakti Movement saints broke the superstitious, dogmatic religious cages of pundits, moulvies and others to preach true  God realization with in human frame with the help of a God  realized/ dyed soul or master.  For this these saints were given harsh punishments. Many of them were done to death, teased, discarded as untouchables and declared as Nastiq, or non believer in  gods and goddesses. The 5th Sikh Master Guru Arjundev Ji , who authored Adi Guru Granth in 1604 , was made to sit  live on a hot iron plate and hot sand was poured on his head. He declared in Adi Granth Sahib, “Sant Ka Marg Dharam Ki Porri “. Meaning that t worshipping path of the saints was the true religious way to achieve salvation (AG-622).
 Prior to the Bhakti Movement the God realization was based on external methods and decorations, allowing only High Caste persons to have right of Bhagati, worship for God realization or salvation from the unending birth and death prison. These methods were not only biased and costlier but time consuming too, so beyond the reach of poor strata of Hindus untouchables and Muslims untouchable converts. Dalits were debarred by high caste scriptures from worshiping God. In The Valmiki  Ramayana epic storey an untouchable Sambuk Rishi said to be worshiping in Tryta Yuga was assassinated by Lord Rama declaring him sinner for observing austerities and to worship Almighty despite being a Dalit ( Shudra). This was highly appreciated by the Hindu gods and goddesses who are said to have rained flowers from heaven. Lord Rama, did this to save himself from a Brahmin curse. If Lord Rama said to be incarnation of Vishno (Protector and feeder deity of all ) can perform such undesired act, what to talk of  their protected high caste  religious subjects.
       The  Hindu religious approved methods  of God realization like, idol worshiping( Sarguna Bhagati), fasting, bathing in pre-decided  holy rivers/waters; styling one’s hair as some kept long hairs ,others tonsured ,still others kept a long  hair  lock in the heads crown           ( Chotior ); shaving of face or keeping long beards; observing complete celibacy; fasting, giving alms, to undertake cumbersome worshiping techniques while living in secluded places in deep forests; caves ; worshiping trees like  fig  (Peepal), Basil ( Tulsi), offering water to Sun god, to perform Yagaya ( burning food stuffs while reciting mantras ,verses from holy books),put sandal wood paste on fore heads, wear holy thread (Yagyopaveet); circumcision for Muslims , to undertake long journeys  to  pre fixed religious places Titath or Haj, deification of ancestors (Pitirpuja), observe all religious laws including  caste systems and to observe untouchability;  offering alms to Brahmins, feeding animals like cow , birds like crow and insects and reptiles like ants and snakes,  pleasing gods and goddesses by offering sacrifices of animals including humans at altar (Yagyashals), getting sawed bodies for reaching heaven etc.  Observance of all these methods by ignorant masses proved boon to priestly classes.  In practice more ignorant and illiterate were the masses the more prosperous shall be priestly cheats (Thugs). The priests and religious books have described husbands as only god for women to worship and serve them well for bride salvation. This was irrespective of the facts that many husbands indulged in intoxicants, followed polygamy, dacoits, deceivers etc. But still they were gods for their brides. Worst of all a woman was religiously desired to get burnt alive with the dead body of her husband  “SATI”. For doing so the said reward shown by priests was to live with her  dead husband for 35million years in heaven. The practice was outlawed by the British Raj in 1829 within their own territories in India with a general ban for the whole of India issued by Queen Victoria in 1861.  Committing Sati  by Roop Kanwar on 4th Sepember,1987 shocked  India once again. The war on sati is yet not over as the Hindu scriptures glorify it as mean to salvation for women.( for reference please see Devdasi,Sati Pratha Aur Kanya Hatya by Shitla Sahaye and Atul Krishan Vishvas,Publishers Goutan Book Centre).
        Bhagati Movement saints preached the NIRGUNA Bhakti or non-attributable God realization worship . It had no place for external rituals or dogmas.  Saint Namdev said “Sanp Kunj shorey Vikh Na Tiyage,Udhak Mahin Jesse Baggu Dhain Mandey”. (Satgur Namdev panna 485) .Meaning a snake can off load  its skin, but not the poison and a crane pretends to be engrossed in worship but as soon as it finds a fish ,it pounces upon and swallows it. Kabir said in Kabir Sakhi Sangrah-127)Bambi Kutey Bamrey, Sanp Na Mara Jaye; Murakh Bambi Na Dasey sarap Sabhan Ko Kaye”. Meaning: O foolish why beat snake barrow and not snake It is snake not barrow which is poisonous. By saying Kabir explains that it is your mind power  creator of all sinful ideas which needs to be brought under control not the body under control of the mind by external means.  Similarly a person engaged in worldly ills behaves as if a great worshiper of god but  does not lose ego and continues to be  hardhearted.
 So all Bhagati Movement  saints decried external means of God realization as prescribed in holy books and by religious high priests. Kabir decried such acts saying------ Ajamedh, Gomedh Yag, Ashawmedh, Narmedh
                                                                                 Kahey Kabir Adharam Ko Dharam Bataven Ved
(  Meaning :-Slaughtering animals like goats, cows, horses and men as oblation( Ahuti) in religious sacrifices along with following religious  books including Vedas preach against true  religious norms , so said Kabir).    ( Kabir Shabdawali page 353)
     To Saints or Bhagati Movement God realized guides, described all Sarguna Bhakti or external Religious means or exercises as futile. Saints approved only way to God realization was to get initiated from a realized saint and then follow his method while living a family life. Saints earned their livelihood by adopting their parental professions. They disapproved the Brahminical methods of living on alms. Kabir Sahib Said, “I shall prefer to die than living on begging”.
Guru Ravidas Said, “I always keep my mind absorbed in Lord’s worship and my hands engaged to earn for livelihood”.
  External Religious exercises were powerful tools in the hand of religious but superstitious preachers for promising salvation (MUKTI),  to get into heaven (SAWARG) and to avoid hell (NARAK) This enslaved illiterate  masses for fear of punishments after death to those who avoided priestly dictates.
 But Bhagati saints termed all these as myth. Saint Palto,who was done to death by orthodox priests, proclaimed in his Kundlian:-
Sant Na Chayen Mukat Ko,Nahi Patharath Char,            
   Nahi Patharath Char Mukat Santan Ki Cheri,
    Ridhi Sidhi Par Thukan,Sawarg Ki As Na Herri”  
   Kavan Narak Kaya Saward Vichara ,Santan Dou       Sadhey,
 Hum Kahu Ki Kann Na Kadtey,Apne Gur Parsadey
    ----  --            (Adi Granth Panna 969)
 Meaning:- Saints   neither seek salvation, nor worldly wealth’s, as salvation is  under their command, they spit (discard) on miracle powers and have no desire for heaven, terming these as misconceptions.
        Meaning:- Saints  decry both hell (Narak )and heaven (Sawarg), as they have attained heights or salvations  beyond  Sawarg or Narak  with the grace of their Guru .  Heaven or hell are much below the saint target of salvation viz, Sachkhand.
         God realized persons are referred as Saints, Gurus, Bhagats, Sadgurus etc. To them “Guru Gobind,Gobind Guru Hai, Inmain Bhedh Naa Dujja” Meaning  God and  God realized Masters are one and the same with no difference”.  
        Saint Palto Said “Ram Ke Ghar Ke Bhich Kam Sab Sante Karte,Devta Tantees Kot Sant Se Sab Hi Dartey ”.
 Meaning In the kingdom of God, everything is under the command of Saints and 330 millions deities are afraid of Saints, so these deities can not interfere in saints working.
 To God realized Saints Rama, Krishana, Hari, Rahim, Allah; Khuda,God, Logas, were the different names attributed to the one supreme power. This supreme power created the universe and also looks after it. At the same time He is immortal. God is above the cycle of birth and death. Guru Nanak in Japuji Sahib  declares “ Ad Sach,Jugad Sach,Hai Bhi Sach, Nanak Hosi Bhi Sach
 Meaning: God Almighty only is permanent, non perishable , true ( Satya or Sach) everything else is temporary, Changing with time ( Asatya).                
Kabir Said“ Sach Soyi Jo Sathir Rahiyi,Upje Vinsey Juth Hoi Jayi”. Meaning:- Sach, True or Permanent is HE, rest all is perishable.  This permanent power say God, created every human body on His image. God resides in Human frame called Ghar-dar, Mukti Ka Darwaja, Daswan Dawar, and Dasweengali which is in human body frame nowhere else.
      Dalits ( Present day  called SCs,STS,OBC) are a section of society regarded as untouchable by Hindus. Several influential saints  belonged to low  castes, including RavidasKabirNamdevChokhamela, and Kanhopatra. The Dalit saints constituted over70% of Bhakti movement saints. Many  writers believe that Bhagwan Valmik and Veda Vyasa, the poet writers of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, were also of Dalit background. But they supported Hindu Philosophy and strengthened Hindu beliefs. Bhakti Movement Saints teaching was a direct challenge to the teaching of orthodox Hindus and Muslims alike. People from all religions were Kabir’s disciples. Kabir found Indian history as storey of slavery.
 Kabir was  a servant of humanity and thus a servant of Divinity. He preached what he practiced. As per one of the myths, it is said that after the death of Kabir Sahib, both and Hindus and Muslims claimed his dead body. Both wanted to perform last rites as per their religious norms. This created a problem, when a Kabir’s disciple asked to remove the shroud over the body. On removing the cover from the body only flowers were found and no dead body. Both the religious people divided the flowers remains and performed last rites as per their religious faiths viz. cremation by Hindus and burying by Muslims. When they were fighting the Spirit of Kabir appeared and said, “ I was neither a Hindu nor a Muslim, I was both. To him who is free from delusion, for him both Hindus and Muslims are same. Remove the shroud of delusion and see the miracle”. Soami Shiv Dayal Ji Maharaj said in Sar Bachan “ Panni Mathey Kush Hath Na  Aye, Khir  Mathan Aalas Phara:   Meaning :- Water churning is a futile exercise but to churn milk and get rewarded with butter( Salvation,Mukti) is taken as difficult. Here he compares water with worldly rituals and ceremonies and churning milk with right technique for salvation.
     Since in majority cases not much  was written down about the lives of the saints, by saints themselves or their educated devotees during life times of saints. So confusions and contradictions mixed up later about their parenthoods, places of birth, family details, religion or castes, dates associated with their life facts including  births and deaths. Many things were associated with their lives,which never had happened.  Saints never wanted anything in their glorification and there was wide spread illiteracy among their devotees. Many things about their life events are carried orally through ages.  Later writers collected different clues from different sources forming their own views, at times varying with one another. In case of Dalit saints this had more relevancies. After long discussions and comparison of different research works by different scholars, some facts were churned out to be most acceptable. The largely accepted facts about the life of Sadguru Kabir are given here. Whereas differences in different writers still persists.
    Kabir ,( from Arabic al-KabÄ«r ) which means "The Great ,the Supreme, one of the 99 names of Allah. Sheikh Saikh Sadullah, who passed away in 1522 described Kabir Ji as MUHAVIZ meaning a  mystic personally, which cannot  be easily understood. As per Sahitya Ka Itehas by Ramchander Shukal in Hindi, Kabir is said to have  born of a Brahmin virgin, who abandoned the child  on a lotus in Lahartale( tale-means Tank) in Banars, now Varanasi. The child was found and adopted by a childless Muslim couple revered Shri Neema and Pujya Mata Shrimati Neera. Shri Neema and Mata Shrimati Neera  were weavers by profession. As per legend Kabir is said to have born in 1398 and passed away in 1518. He became disciple of Ramanand  (1366-1467) in 1455.So Kabir was younger to Saint Namdev by 128 years, who had passed away 48 years before Kabir was born. Kabir was 16 years elder to Guru Ravidass and 71 years to Baba Nanak. These three legends of Bhagati movement ,Kabir, Ravidas, Nanak, had common life span of five decades.
 Guru Ravidas has said that Kabir’s parents were Muslim, who celebrated Eid and Bakridd by slaughtering animals like cows. His parents also prayed before Peers, Faquirs and Mulvies for worldly blessings. Kabir’s father  lived within Shariyat ( Muslim Law) norms But Kabir their son  by dint of his high spirituality dyed mind  and living principles attained reverence heights and   fame in three worlds ( Bhu Mandal, Akash and Patal), i.e. the earth antipodes’ , celestial sphere, infernal or hell.
Jaa  Ke Eid Baker  ,Kul Gau Re Vadh Karheye, 
 Ja Kei Bap Vessi Kari Poot Asi Sari
 Manhiye Seikh Sahid Perra
  Tihun Re Lok Parsidh Kabira
                         ( Adi Granth Sahib Panna 1293)   
 Kabir’s disciple and spiritual heir  Dharamdas said,”Mai Turkani,Bapp Julaha, Beta Bhagat Bhaiy “
  Kabir himself has said about his caste              
Hindu Kahun To Main Nahin, Musalman bhi Nahin
Panch Tatav Ka Putla,Gabhi Kheley Mahin 
(Kabir Sakhi Page 75)

    Meaning:- I am neither Hindu  nor Muslim.  My body is made  up of five perishable material ( Earth, water, air, fire and ether) , where in my  invisible Soul  with Almighty as it  source resides.   
 Kabir was a weaver by caste as mentioned in many slokas by saints including Kabir Ji himself
  “Oshi Mat Meri Jat Julaha,Har Ka Nam Liyo Main Laha”.( AG524)  Meaning:-My caste is lowest Jolaha ( Weaver). But I have got       benefitted by worshiping Hari( God Almighty)
 Guru Amardas, 3rd Sikh Guru said “ Nama Shinbaa Kabir  Julaha,Pure Gur Te Mat Pai”.( AG Panna 830) Meaning Namdev was tailor and Kabir Ji weaver. But both despite their low caste attained spiritual heights by their Guru’s grace.
said in  (AG-Panna 656).Maharashtra Sain Tukaram said, “ The Momin Kabir”. Or Kabir was Muslim.
 Kabir is said to be married with Mai Loi and the couple had one son Kamala and a daughter named Kamali. Kabir earned his livelihood from profession of weaving. Although Kabir was a highly realized Nam dyed personality, even then his opponents called him Nirgura  meaning not having a religious Guru ,which as per Sant Mat  , getting initiated from a living master is a must for every sadak of Saint. So he approached Ramanand (1366-1467) for seeking his blessing. But Ramanand belonged to Sri Sampardai ,who observe strictly the  Hindu Caste system . Ramanand Ji would never accept a Shudra or Muslim as his disciple. So Kabir Ji laid on the steps leading to Ganga Ghat, where Ramanand used to go for bathing daily before sun rise. While coming down on steps he struck Kabir and Said “ Ram Ke Payare Kaho Ram Ram “.O, Ram’s creation say Ram Ram. This way it is said Kabir Ji became disciple of Ramanand. This was confirmed by Ramanand later. Earlier Kabir and Ramanand had worshiping norms poles apart; even then Kabir respected Ramanand as his Master. Later Ramanand also adopted Sant Marg or Nirgun Bhakti Marg and one of his poems is contained ( Kat Jayeyo Re ghar Lago  Rang, Mera Chit Na Chaley Man Bhayo Pang---)    
                                                                                                                                              ( Adi Granth Panna 1195) 
 Meaning why go outside and adopt external means of God realization, when He resides in one’s body. With this worship his ( Ramanand’s)  mind had been lamed and tamed, so had come under his  control.  On surrendering to Guru’s will, This chain of birth has been cut. His delusions and confusions are removed. I have understood the secret that God is omnipresent and Guru‘s shabad eradicates curse of million karmas. This qualifies that Ramanand adopted Nirguna Bhagati too and accepted the path Kabir preached. But Kabir explains about his Guru or master as Vivek ( intellect)  He said
 “Sant Ko Mat Koi Nidyho,Sant Ram Hain Ek. Kaho Kabir So Main Gur Paya Ja Ka Nam Vivek”.           (AG-793),
Meaning;- Kabir proclaims on the basis of  his intellect  the Sant ( saint)  and God Almighty are one and the same.
     Now it is settled by   many authors that Kabir undertook long journeys to places in Punjab, Utter Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and some other places. During theses visits he is said to have met many other bhakti Saints including Guru Nanak. During these sojourns Kabir ji   conveyed his divine and social revolutionary message.
   Although Kabir did not get formal education. He was brilliant and laborious from childhood. He has inclination towards Bhagati  or worship even in his young days.  Kabir doctrine contained in Kabir   Vani  is full of compassion, respect for different religions but opposed to irreligious customs, dogmas, superstitious principles devised to keep illiterate masses under their control.  All unnecessary acts not falling in line with Nirguna Bhagati were decried with convincing examples and explanations. Kabir Vani contained words from many languages which shows he had association with learned persons and had travelled widely.  Kabir himself confesses in one of his Padha ( Couplet.
  Mas- Kagaz Shuyo Nahi,Kalam Gahi Nahi Hath. Meaning:- I have not touched ever ink and paper, the medium of  reading & writing.
 But Kabir have vividly described the true state of our society ( Samaj )  .Whatever he preached, he testified  its validity by getting  particle truthfulness. Kabir said
 “ Tou  Kahta Kagaz Ki Lekhi, Main Kahta Ankhan Dekhi”. Meaning worldly philosophers say what they have read from books but Kabir says out of his practical knowledge.
 Renowned authors Karine and W.H.McLeod in their book” The Saints” published by Motilal Banarsidass has give following  details of Kabir’s works in an essay  by Linda Hess.
 1. Guru Granth Sahib   226 ( Padas) distributed in  16 Ragas. With  237 or 239 Salokas. But V.K.Sethi of RSSB in his Kabir the weaver of God’s name, mentions them as 228 poems and 243 salokas)
2. Panchvani 810 Sakhis in 59 sections or angas with384 pads.
3. Kabir Bijak  has 84 Ramainis,115 Sabadas,353 sakhies, 34 miscellaneous
4.Kabir Granthavali has 403 poems,810 couplets and 7 Ramanies (  Edited bySham Sunder Das).
   Some of  the salokas, padahs  given in different books have resemblances as well
   It is said Kabir used to sing these in his satsangs (spiritual discourses).  Dalit saints including other Bhagati Saints have addressed God Almighty by names like Ram,Hari, Gobind, Guru,  associated names of Krishana, Vishno etc. repeated a number of times. Sri  Guru granth Sahib addressed the Almighty God  as Ram 2533 times, Krishana ( 22) Mohan( 60) Murari (179).Where as in Kabir vani contained in  Adi Granth  these salutations (Ram—112, Krishana with associated  name—33, vishno -18 Guru 35 times) and  in Kabir Panchvani (Ram-220-Krishan—71 ,Vishno—13, Guru 35 ) and in Kabir Bichak ( Ram—49 times, vishno-2 ,Guru 7  times). This created illusion in some minds that these Bhakti Movement saints also worshiped   Ayudhiya king Dashrath ‘s son Ram, whose wife Sita was stolen by Lanka king Ravana,  Depki’s son and Arjuna’s charioteer Krishana, goddess Laxmi’s spouse Vishno etc. But it was not so with Dalit saints , their Ram was not Vishnu Avatar, who killed Dalit Sambuka Rishi to earn praises from Brahmana gods and goddesses.
   Guru Ravidas has said “ Ravidas Hamare Ram Ji  Dashrath Kar Sut Nahi”. Or Ravidas’s Ram is not  Ayudhaya King Dashrath ‘s son . Guru Namdev has said” Raja Ram Japat Ko Na Tariyo “. Meaning nobody got salvation by worshiping King Ram. 
 Kabir Said” Ram Bharra Ki Ramhi Jaya “ Meaning  Is Raja  Ram greater or  One, who has given birth even to Raja Ram?
   Kabir  Ji  specified four Rams, not one.
 Ek Ram Dashrath Ka Beta,Ek Ram Ghat Ghat Main Leta,Ek Ram Ka Sagal Pasara,Ek Ram En Sab Se Niyara”. Or
 One Ram was King Dashrath’s Son, One Ram is Mann( mind power) residing in all humans, One Ram is Kal ( Dharam Raj) who mages  Triloki affairs and one Ram is above all other three, to whom he worships.
Pointing that he worships Nirgun power, Kabir Ji said “ Kabir Ke  Sawami  Esey Thakur, Ja Ke  Mai Na Bap Re”
 Meaning  Kabir’s  worshiping deity  has no mother or father i.e. He is beyond birth and death circle and He is Immortal.                                    Guru Granth Sahib also proclaims “Varn,Jat,Chihn Na Koi,Sab Hukme App Chaliynda” meaning The universe Creator has no colour ,caste, or mark. He is every thing by Himself and every thing in this universe moves under His will .
Like many other Bhkti Saints, Kabir sahib decried the external false methods of worshiping Lord, human division on the basis of castes, religions and sex. Below is given in brief Kabir’s preaching’s for God realization along with some other saints in support of Kabir Ji
 Caste System:-
 All Bhagati movement saints have decried caste system. Sain Buley Shah said
              Amlan Uthey Hon Ge Nabere,Jat Kise Pushni Nahiyo”.  Meaning:-On the day of judgement, only actions shall be accounted for not the caste.
 Sri Guru Gobind Singh(1666-1708) Ji said “Eh Pitta Eks Ke Hum Balik”. Meaning We are all children of the only One Creator, or Vaheguru. He again said “ Manas Ki Jat Sab Eke Pahchanoyo”.  Meaning Consider all human as having only one Caste.
Palto Sahib said “  Palto Unchi Jat Ka Mat Koi Karey Ahnkar,Sashib Ke Darbar Main Keawl Bhagat Payar”.
 Palto Saib says let no body should feel proud of his/her high caste, as on the day of judgment only severity of love for the Lord shall be judged or evaluated and not the superiority of one’s caste.
-“Jat Nahi Jagdish Ki, Hari-Jan Ki Kaha Hoi. Jat Pat Ke Kich Main Dub Maro Mat Koi”. ( Kabir Granthawali-359)
       Meaning; If the Creator “Jagdish” has no caste, how a person can have it. Let no one get drown in the caste mud and dirt differences’ so give no importance to castes.
  Alla Ek Masit Basat Hai,Avar Mulak Kis Kera, Hindu Murat Ram Nivasi,Duh Mahi Tat Na Hera”.( AG Panna 1349)
 Meaning Muslim say their Alla Khuda (God) resides in Mosque and Hindu Says his God resides in an idol, then Kabir questions , who resides elsewhere. Both has great differences due to ignorance. In the same verse Kabir said, “ Eitey Utrn Murda Sajey, Eh Sab Roop Tumhare, Kabir Pangura Ram Alla Ka, Sab Gur Peer Hamarey. Meaning To Kabir He resides in every leaf, everywhere with all figures as His. Kabir is son of both Alla and Ram and all His names are dear to  him. Kabir ji also said:-
Ek Bund Ek Mal Mutar, Ek Cham Aur Guda.      Ek Jyoti Se Sab Hi Janmey, Ko Brahman Ko Suda”. ( Dalit Kabiya dhara Mata Prashad-page 70)                                                                                                                                   
Meaning: Everyone is born out of One drop sperm, all similarly excrete body wastes , posses similar skin, and anus . All are born with similar soul and Anant Jyoti, and then what differentiates persons as Brahmin and Shudra with high or low castes.
Kabir questions a Brahmin by saying “ Je Toou Brahmin,Brahmani Jaya,Aur Bat Kahe Na ayya”. Meaning  If a Brahmin is superior than others, why he did not adopt different route( body aperture)  for his birth. If the process of birth and death is same for everybody where is justification to be superior and inferior, high and low? Guru Nank said
           Nichayan Ander Nich Jat,Nichi Huh  Ati Nich, Nanak Tin Ke Sath Sang, Badian Se Kaya Ris”
 Meaning Nanak is with those who have lowest of low caste, and he has no relations with high caste people ( AG- Panna15)
 Murti Puja (idol Worship):- Kabir has shown  that the worship of dead stone idols was a futile exercise for salvation   as they are  
.“Pakhan Gharr  Ke Murti Kini De  Ke Shatti Paun, Je Eh Murti Sachi Hai To Gharan Harey Khau”.   ( AG-Panna 479)
 Meaning: A sculptor from a stone piece sculptures an idol by cutting and beating with hammer and iron tools while sitting on its chest. During this process he is wearing shoes. If the idol has life and feels pains of hammering it should first kill and eat up the sculptor. But there is no such thing. So idol is life less stone and to worship it,it is  nothing but futile..
 Kabir ji saith “ Joo Maritik Ko Chandan Charave,Us Se Kahu Kavan Phal Pave.”  Meaning by making offering sandalwood paste to a lifeless body or  stone  ( idol),what one is going to get, as idol being dead cannot grant any boon. Hitting hard on idol worship Kabir Sahib said “ Pathar Pooje Har Miley ,To Main Poojon Pahar, Murat Se Chakki Bhali,Pees Kaye Sansar”. Meaning If one gets access to Hari ( God) or salvation by worshiping stone idol,, he  shall worship a mountain Kabir  again  jokingly  takes a nip at superstitious people that a grinding stone is better to  a stone idol, as it feeds people by grinding grains into flour for making bread.
 False Sadhus (Hermits) :-
All those who wear different colored and styled clothes but void of worshiping techniques are not saints or Sadhus. Many of them have run away from their worldly duties and pretend as Sadhu living on alms. There may a few realized souls among them also . But majority of them have left none of the worldly ills. They remain filled with filthy ego. Many get irritated on small provocations.
Kabir said “ Khima Sadh Ka Khel”. Means real Sadhus observe forgiving and forgetting as nobody else can do this.. ( Kabir Granthawali 122)
   Again while describing difference in qualities of a Sadh a begger with dyed clothes and Sidh (  Realized soul persons ) Kabir said
“Sadh Sidh Barr Antra,Jese  Amm Babool, Wa ki Darri Ami Fal, ya ki Darri Sool”.( Kabir Sakhi Sangraha Page 122)
 Meaning: -  Between  qualities of a Sadh and a Sidh there is world of difference as in mango and acacia trees. Sidh is like Mango tree  which gives sweet mangoes but Safh, the acacia tree gives  troubling thorns.
  Kabir declared “Wey Nar Jogi Kar Janey,Khoje App Sarira. Tinko Mukti Ka Sansa Nahi Kahit Julah Kabira ( Kabir Granthawali—Page246 Meaning:- The Jogi ( A person absorbed in Surat-Shabad Yoga) is one who searches Lord  with in his body. They should not worry for salvation as salvation is assured to such persons proclaims Kabir, the weaver. Kabir further explains that a real Sadhu is in  found of love and not of money. A sadu found of money or worldly pleasures is not a real Sadhu but a Thug (Cheat)
 Meaning:-  Those who wear three and half yard cloth around waists, put on three thread holy yagyopavits, chains  of beats around necks and have  round brass mugs in hands, are not Saints but Banarasi cheats. of Banaras
 Kabir describes such cheats in his Vani ( AG-476)
  “ Gaj Sarey Tray Dhotian,Tehrey Payan Tagg,                        
   Gallian Jinah Japmalian Lote Hath Nibagh
    Ou Har Ke Sant Na Akhiye,Banaras Ke Thag”.
Pitirpuja (Deification of ancestors) :-
               The innocent peoples were made to shed offering to Brahmins on the death of a person, then at monthly and yearly intervals for salvation of the departed soul. This has remained since ages a great source of income of the pundits,  draining out public resources ,  that is why they do not let this system die. Bhagati movement saints one and all decried it with full force. Guru Ghasidas said “I see pitarpuja as act of foolishness”.
 Kabir Ji saiyth “Jivat Pittar Na  Manney Kou,Muye Siradh Karahi, Pittar Bhi Bapurey Kahu Kaya Pavhi, Kouya,Kookar Khahi”
Meaning:- During life time  people do not serve their patents well but after death they perform deification for them .Out of offerings ancestors also do not get any thing only crows and dogs are fed on the food offering. The cash and kind offerings are taken away by pundits, befooling all by false promises of heaven for the dead.
  Alms or begging:-  The majority of priests  live on alms in one way or the other  proclaiming that the Jajmans  (gift giver to   pujaries for performing  religious ceremonies)  who give aims  shall be granted heaven after death if they gave offering to Brahmins in cash and kind..  This was refuted by the Bhagati Movement saints. Guru Nanak Said
 Guru Peer Sadaye, Mangan Jaye,Ta Ke Mool Na Lagon Paye; Ghal Khaye Kush Hathon Dey,Nanak Rah Pashaney sai”.
Meaning:- Any saint or Guru living on begging, is devoid of truth, so do not accept him as guru. A person who earns his livelihood by hard and honest means and serves his guests out of his honest  earning; only he is exalted saint.
 Kabir said “Mar Jayon,Mangoon Nahi, Apne Tan Ke Kaj, Parmarath Ke Karney, Mujey Na Away Lajj”
 Meaning I shall prefer death than resorting to begging for my livelihood. But begging for community cause, I do not feel ashamed.
  Kabir has also said “Guru Ko Assa  Chahiye,Sish Ka Kashu Na Leh”. It is imperative for a guru not to accept any thing from disciples. Kabir again explains the qualities of a Sadhu or actual realized soul as
  Sadu Bhuka Bhav Ka, Dhann Ka Bhukha Nahi,  Dhan Ka Bhukha Jo Phirey,So to Sadhu Nahi”. Meaning a sadh   or God realized soul has passion for love and not money( worldly  temporary gains).Any body craving for money is not Sadh.
 Guru Ghasidas also advised his disciples not to declare him superior to any commoner.
Woman:- The woman was also declared of low caste by  upper caste  norms. She was declared as most impure and vile Gosowami Tulsidas said in  Ramchrit Manas in Aranya Kand(43)  “Lust, anger, greed pride etc. constitute the most powerful army of ignorance. But among them all the fiercest and the most troublesome is that incarnation of Maya (the Lords deluding potency) called woman. Prashar Samiriti (7/20) declares that on first day menstruation period woman is Chalnadan or Out Caste on second day Brahhatyari or killer of a Brahmin and on the third day a Dhobinor or washerwoman, all lowest of low in caste hierarchy. Against this Guru Nanak said “ Je-kar Sutak Maniye,Sabtey Sutak Hoye”.(AG-572) meaning If one  considers impurity, impure is every thing in our working.  Since majority of our life acts are performed by women, so all these should be declared as impure. In another verse of AG-473 sahib “So Kayon Manda Akhiye,Jit Janmey Rajan”. Meaning  :- Why call ill of woman ,who gives birth to kings the rulers ,gods, goddesses, Peers, bhagats  all human. Kabir Ji Said “ Sab Ghat Mere Sayian,Sooni Sej Na Koi,Valihari Va Ghat Ki, Ya Ghat Praghat Hoi”. Meaning:-My lord is Omnipresent and there is no creation devoid of Him. But I salute the person in whom He has manifested. ( KSS-106)
  Tirath Ashnan (Bathing in man declared sacred  waters) :-
      Saints denounced Tirathashnan as well. It was not only wastage of time and money, but it enhances ego. External rituals were futile like repeatedly cleaning an empty pot. Kabir said’
“ Kayya Manjis Koun Gunna, Jyon Ghat Bhitar Maill na Dhoie,. Layoki Athsath Tirath Nayi Kayorapan  na Jayi”. (Adi Granth Panna 656)
Meaning that bathing, washing and cleaning of body skin has no spiritual use .It is like cleaning an empty earthen pot. If a bitter guard is made to wash in sixty eight sacred water of designated rivers/ tanks(Tiraths for Hindus),it does not lose its bitterness, or the Maan or mind  your real spiritual enemy cannot be controlled by external means.
Saint Namdev sayth,  Sanp Kunj shorey Vikh Na Tiyage, Udhak Mahin Jesse Baggu Dhain Mandey”. (Satgur Namdev panna 485) 
As a snake can off load old skin, but not the poison and a crane pretends to be engrossed in worship but as soon as it finds a fish ,it pounces upon and swallows it. Similarly a person engaged in worldly ills behaves as if a great worshiper of god but does not lose ego and continues to be hardhearted.  Kabir Ji also said ( AG-484)
Jall Ke Manjin Je Gatt Hove, Nit,Nit Mendik Navhi, Jesey Mandik,Tesse Uhi Nar, Fir,Fir,Yuni Avahhi”.  Kabir says if a man could get salvation by bathing ,then the frog9 acquit life) which lives in water should have been obtained salvataion. But it is not so. Persons  desirous  of salvation by bathing even in different waters shall not  get it as  this process is devoid of it. So it is no use to go to different places, may be designated as holy  water bathing sources, as it shall not helpful in attaining salvation.
Innttar  Maail Jeiy Tirath Navey, Tise Vakunth Na Jana, Pujeye Ram Ek Hi Deva sacha Navan Gur Ki Seva”. Meaning:  Even if a person internally impure (full of worldly desires like ego) taking bath in holy waters, he shall not get into heaven. The real worship is to contemplate on Almighty God by serving one’s master well or by following instruction of Guru faithfully.. By serving well a master is not to offer him worldly riches or body services but to follow his spiritual teaching.  So said Kabir.
Styling the hairs.( Sirr mundane). In the name of religion some people keep long hair on head and faces, others tonsured  and still others kept a long lock in the  their head crowns( Choti). But Kabir disproved it for being religious persons. Kabir Said  KSS-127)“ Moond Mundaye Har Miley Sab Koi Leye Mundaye, Barr Barr Ke Mundtey Bhedh  Vekunth Na Jaye”. Meaning If one can get heaven by tonsuring his head, every body can get it done, as it is so easy.  Kabir says it is not so, because a sheep is shaved twice annually, but it does not get in to salvation. So a person following such techniques shall also not get any thing worthwhile.
Celibacy, naked wondering in forests:-
   Bhakti Saints has disapproved the   complete celibacy, leaving one’s home and hearth and living naked as means of salvation. These methods are however taken by pundit and Prohits as religious acts. Kabir Sahib refutes such acts as fruitless, leading no where in spiritual progress. Kabir said in (Sant Sad Guru Kabir-334)
                           Nagan Firt je Payiaye Yog, Van Ka Mirig Mukat Sab Hog.
                            Moond Mudaye Je Sidhi Pai,Mukat Bherr Na Gaya Kai.                               
                           Bindu Rakh Jo Tariye Bhai,Khusere Kyon Na Param Gat Pai”.
 Meaning:-If one gets salvation by remaining naked, all animals in the forest should have got it. If by getting one’s head tonsured, he gets salvation then Sheep should have got it. If celibacy observance is way to God realization, then the eunuchs should got salvation. But this is not so. By attains salvation means, he or she vacates body frame to merge back into Lord.
 Bookish knowledge:- Even  ritualistic  reading is of no use declares Kabir( BSS-167)
     Poothi Parr Parr Jag Moya,Pandit Bhiya Na Koi,Eko Akashar Prem Ka Parrey Soo Pandit Hoi”. Meaning: As reading( ritualistic holy scriptures  reading is wastage of time and resources as it does not make one’s soul as realized soul. It is one word of “Love” for all which makes one realized soul.  This way Kabir preaches universal love for all, which will remove the ego of high and low and it will lead one to Lord. He again says in (KGV-152) “ Vidya Kot Sabhey Gunn Kahey, Parbrahm Ko Par Na Lahey”. Meaning :- Worldly education  provides all  worldly qualities and goodness but it cannot lead to Parbrahm ( Beyond Braham or Kal, where soul realizes the identity of God). Kabir Ji again proclaims (AG-525)
Kaya Pareye,Kaya Guneye,Kaya Ved Purana Suneye, Parehey Guney Kaya Hoi,Jo Sahij Na Mileya Soi.”Meaning:- Worldly reading or knowledge from Vedas (Vedic literature) and Puranas ( Group of 18 religious books giving stories of  gods, goddesses, kings) is of what use, if one does not know about Sahaj state. Sahaj is the spiritual stage where soul regains its natural consciousness and qualifies to merge back into its source. Kabir ji ( Kabir Granthavali)
  “Qazi Kathey Kateb Qurana, Pandit Ved  Purana,Veh Akhshir Jo Laka Na Jayi, Matra Lage Na Kanna”.
 Meaning:- Muslim Law Officer reads from  holy book Quran and Hindu Pandit reads from   Hindu holy books Vedas and Puranas. But the Divine  word is beyond writing or reading as it cannot be written in any worldly language.
 Killing and taking intoxicants: - All Bhakti Saints have preached leading a virtuous life. They have advocated love for all creations, big or small. But some religions permitted killing of animals, even human for sacrificing to deities and taking Soma-rass ( an intoxicating brew). Kabir again said( AG-1375) 
 Sain Ke Sab Jiv Hain,Kiri Kunjar Doei”. From elephant to ant all creatures are creation of God.
Kabir Jei  Ju Marehe, Jor kar Kahetey Jo Halal, Daftar Vayi Jab Kadie Hai,Hoyega Koun Haval”.  Meaning:- Kabir asks a Moulvi, , you Slaughter  an animal and declare it as Halal ( Sacrifice) but  have you thought of your fate when the creator shall take  its account on the day of judgment. Kabir again said ( KSS-141)
 Kabir Daya Bhav Hirdey Nahi,Gyan Kathey Behad, Tee Narr Narkeyhe Jayenge,Sunn,Sunn,Sakhi Sabad”.
Meaning:- Many persons including religious preachers devoid of mercy  declare animal  scarifying and killing besides meat eating as right act by citing examples from religious texts. They may give any justifications but shall be punished heavily by pushing them into hell. Guru Nanak said in Japuji Sahib “ Lakhan Gal Vadd Hatiya Kamahi”. Meaning:- Millions commit suicidal acts by slaughtering animals. Kabir also proclaimed “Kabira Tere Jhompari Kal Katyan Ke Pass, Jo Karan Ge So Bharan Ge Tou Kyon Hoya Udas”.Kabir said it does not  matter if one lives near a slaughter house, only those who kill shall be punished. There cannot be punishment with out punishable act. As gold is not affected by impurities similarly saints are not effected by the ills of the world.
Kabir decries intoxicants (KSS-163)“Bhang,Tambakoo,Shutra,Afeemm Aur Sharab,Kahe Kabir Enko  Tajo Tab Pave Didar”.
 Meaning: - To get glimpses of Lord one has to sacrifice by abstaining from Bhang (Cannabis), Tambakoo (Tobacco) Sutra
(Inhaling intoxicating smoke) Afeem (opium) and Sharab (Liquor). These intoxicants are forbidden for the true worshipers of Lord.
External  Body decorations:-  People took  body decorations(Tilk) with sandal wood paste  and bead wearing (Mala) as  religious marks. Many sadhus and god men wear them to impress their religious authority and attainments. But Bhakti movement saints decried them as such things do not carry any religious necessity. Kabir said,
 Mala Tilak Pir Manmana, Logan Ram Khilona Jana”. Here Kabir says that people thought that by wearing Tilak and Malas, they will influence God Almighty. Kabir says God is not a child who can be pleased with such toys.
 To please God Kabir says (AG-1349) “ Keval Naam Japho Re Parani, Tab Hi Nischey Tarna”. Meaning :- Only Naam Simran ( Repetition of Naam as per instructions of a perfect master) shall ensure one’s salvation. Guru Nanak also says “ Eko Naam Hukam Hai Nanak”. Meaning:- Guru Nanak says only way to salvation in Naam Simran.
 Faith:- Kabir had un-flickering   faith in  Lord the doer of every thing. Kabir said ( Kabir Sakhi Sangih 103)
   “ Na Kush Kiya Na Kar Sakon,Na Karney Yog Sarir,Jo  Kush Kiya  Sahib Kiya,Ta Te Bhaya Kabir”. Kabir said every thing is done by his Guru or Lord and nothing by Kabir, but still people give credit to Kabir as Lord does not claim any credit for Himself S grace.
Consecration & desecration of  a place :- There was a Hindu religious belief that any body who dies at Kanshi ( Varanasi, Banaras) shall be granted peace in  heaven and any body who dies at Maghar shall be put in hell to bear  sever punishments. Maghar is town  in Sant Kabir Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. This place is 175 Miles (280Kms) from Banars and 13 miles ( 20 Kms) from Gorakhpur. But Kabir disbelieved it and when he saw his end near, he shifted to Maghar to worship there. His Samadi (Burial Place) is at Maghar. Writer Gurnam Singh Mukatsar writes in his book( Juth Na Bool Pande Page227)  Kabir Ji said On the instance of Brahmins hell ( Narak) will not be granted to those who die at Maghar as  Tathagat Buddha  who was torch bearer for humanity passed away at this place and now Kabir shall also die there. Both  these great worldly personalities granted happiness to millions by their acts, they gave life principles, they showed path to true and practical salvation. Kabir Ji said (AG-484)
 Manhon Kathor Marey Banaras narak Na Vanshiya Jayi, Har Ka Sant Marey Haranbey Tian Sagli Sain Tarayi”.
Meaning:- A hardhearted person devoid of love for humanity, even if dies at Banaras cannot escape punished in hell, but a saint who worship Hari ( Lord) even if he dies at Haramba i.e. Maghar, shall grant eternal peace to his chain of relations.
 Kabir again said. “Bahut Varas Tap Kiya Kanshi,Marney Bhaeya Maghar Ki Vasi,Kasi Maghar Samm Vichari”.   ( AG 326)
 Meening:- I worshiped in Banaras for many years, but at the end I  have become resident of Maghar. Because for me Banaras and Maghar are both equal. No place on earth is devoid of universal creator, the Almighty God. He is Omnipresent.
 Kabir further shows his absolute faith in the Creator who is all merciful and powerful.
Sadguru Kabir ji was a great Dalit Saint. Like many other Dalit saints he challenged the superficial, man made worshiping techniques in Kashi a seat of Brahminical knowledge. He broke the religious cage to set free the innocent masses by denouncing external ways. To him continuous repetition of Holy name as given by a true saint or Master and to concentrate on the form of one’s Master can only break the circle of birth and death.  This annoyed the  Hindu  religious  Gurus ( Prohits,Pandits)  so they  all joined hands to Challage Kabir,but every time they got defeated  by value based practical arguments.      
Kabir said Pandey Koun Kumat Tohe Lagi------ (  Ram kishor Sharma KG-335 ) ,Kabir  challenges the worshipping techniques by pundits by explaining  ignorant Pandits are influence of stupid wisdom as they  do not whole heartedly worship universe Creator     
( Ram).Kabir explains that  from reading of so called holy books the effect is similar as putting sandal wood load on a donkey back. This way you do not concentrate on Ramnam there for get dust filled mouth as reward.  One remains devoid  of salvation by reciting holy Ved books  as your mare reading increases ego, which does not allow you to see Creator in all human body frames and  this is known to the creator, Ram.  Kabir again says  if you kill creators in the name of religion then what are the nonreligious ways. By killing living beings and declare yourself as Munivar( Saint)then whom we should declare as kasai ( butcher). O,blind minded you do not follow good advices but teach other  to follow what you read. You sell for money your education, reading so you waste your life time, which you got after many years good actions. Vayas, Narad explain the importance of worshiping  right techniques ,if you have any doubt you may ask Sukhdev (Vayas, Narad and Sukhdev were Hindu ascetics)  they all  say with one voice that your false man  devised worshiping methods  shall make you reach no where. Kabir concludes that one remains in the circle of birth and death, if he does not merge back into Creator by continuous getting absorbed in Him(Supeem being).Kabir ji with other Bhagti movement saints or revolutionaries  used religion as a medium to spread message of  universal brotherhood by breaking priestly  religion cage  of superstition and dogmas.
             Words---8260                                                                                Compiler;-
                                                                                                                Er. H.R. PHONSA, Jammu
Material Sources:-
            1.Sant Kabir Hindi/Punjabi( Radha Soami Satsang Beas Punjab)
            2.Kabir ,The weaver of God’s Name,English(Radha Soami Satsang Beas Punjab)
            3. Sar Bachan Poetry(Radha Soami Satsang Beas Punjab)
            4.Juth Na Bool Pande,Punjabi ( By Gurnam Singh Mukatsar)
            5. Keh Ravidas Chamar,Punjabi( By Gurnam Singh Mukatsar)
            6. Kitney Aparsangitb Hain Dharam Granth,Hindi  S.Rakeshnath ( Vishav Books N.Delhi)
            7. Sri Ramachritamanasa( a Romanized Edition) Geet Press Gorakh Pur.
            8.The Saints Edited by Karina Achomer and W.H.WcLeod( M/s Moti Lal Banarsi Das Delhi)